社会经济变迁中的孝道观念、实践和焦虑及其代际差异  

The Filial Piety,Practice,and Anxiety in Socio-Economic Change and the Difference of Intergeneration

作　　者：李启明 尹欣 高雪梅 Li Qiming;Yin Xin;Gao Xuemei

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学心理研究与咨询中心 [2]西南交通大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《中国社会心理学评论》2024年第2期86-105,259,260,共22页Chinese Social Psychological Review

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“当代中国社会价值观念代际差异及其传递和整合机制研究”(项目编号:20BSH137)的支持。

摘　　要：在社会变迁视域下,本研究结合代际社会学研究视角,调查了第一代(1949~1965年出生)、第二代(1966~1979年出生)和第三代(1980~2000年出生)的2038名被试者,考察社会变迁中不同代际的孝道观念、实践和焦虑及其影响因素。以社会变迁知觉理论为基础,编制了感知经济社会发展问卷,具有良好的信效度。感知经济社会发展、主客观社会经济地位都正向预测权威性孝道、互惠性孝道和孝道实践,并负向预测孝道能力焦虑。不同代际模型具有显著的差异性,如仅第一代客观社会经济地位能预测孝道实践和孝道能力焦虑,以及仅第三代主观社会经济地位能正向预测孝道实践。此外,第二代的客观社会经济地位对互惠性孝道和权威性孝道的预测系数都明显低于第三代。在所有模型中,各变量对孝道实践解释率差异不明显,但对孝道能力焦虑解释率在第二代里较低。这些研究结果对于更好地传承和弘扬孝道,以及中国优秀传统文化的传承和创新都具有重要的启示意义。Utilizing a social change perspective and intersecting it with an intergenerational sociological lens,a survey was conducted among 2038 individuals across three distinct generations.These individuals comprised three generations:the first born between 1949 and 1965,the second between 1966 and 1979,and the third between 1980 and 2000.The survey was designed to explore filial piety,practices,and anxiety surrounding amidst social transformation,while also identifying contributory factors.Drawing upon the theory of social change perception,a questionnaire was devised to evaluate participants'perspectives on social and economic advancements,exhibiting satisfactory reliability and validity.And the findings revealed that perceived economic and social development,as well as subjective and objective socioeconomic status,had a positive impact on authoritative filial piety,reciprocal filial piety,and filial piety practices,while negatively affecting filial piety competence anxiety.Notably,significant intergenerational differences were found in the models.For instance,the objective social status of the first generation only predicted filial piety practices and competence anxiety,whereas the subjective social status of the third generation positively predicted filial piety practices.Additionally,the predictive coefficients of objective socioeconomic status for reciprocal filial piety and authoritative filial piety were significantly lower in the second generation compared to the third generation.Overall,the variables had a similar explanatory rate for filial piety practices in all models,but a lower explanatory rate for filial piety competence anxiety in the second generation.These results hold important implications for the preservation and promotion of filial piety,as well as the inheritance and innovation of China's outstanding traditional culture.

关 键 词：社会变迁 孝道 感知经济社会发展 主客观社会经济地位 代际差异 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]