基于蓝藻生物膜的水伏-光伏耦合发电机  

Hydrovoltaic-photovoltaic electricity generators based on cyanobacterial biofilms

作　　者：申湘 林秀钰 陈钧 任国平 胡启昌 周顺桂[1] SHEN Xiang;LIN XiuYu;CHEN Jun;REN GuoPing;HU QiChang;ZHOU ShunGui(College of Resources and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensoring Technology,College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福州350002 [2]福建省农业信息感知技术重点实验室,福建农林大学机电工程学院,福州350002

出　　处：《中国科学:技术科学》2025年第3期451-461,共11页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:42377310);中国博士后科学基金(编号:2024T170148,2022M710698);福建省自然科学基金(编号:2022J01154)资助项目。

摘　　要：同时收集环境水分和太阳能中潜能实现全天候产电是应对能源短缺的重要研究方向,但仍面临巨大挑战.目前,大多数研究依赖复杂的自组装过程制备复合功能材料,存在成本高、发电效率低等问题.受自然界藻类光合作用能够同时利用水分和太阳能这一现象启发,本研究首次提出了一种基于天然蓝藻(Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803)生物膜且构造简单的水伏-光伏耦合发电机,其无需额外添加光敏材料,兼具水伏-光伏的本征特性.研究结果表明,该发电机白天可利用光伏效应和水伏效应耦合发电,夜间则依靠水伏效应产电,从而实现全天候持续发电.基于水伏-光伏的协同增益,器件的最高开路电压可达0.52 V,短路电流为0.57μA,水伏-光伏耦合条件下的功率密度为1.7×10^(-4)W/m^(2),高于单一湿气发电的功率密度(5×10^(-5)W/m^(2)).此外,生物膜在长时间产电后仍可保持高生物活性,并可通过串并联实现线性放大,展现出良好的实际应用潜力.该研究为未来不间断生物基水伏能源技术的设计提供了新思路.Simultaneously harnessing environmental moisture and solar energy for continuous,all-weather electricity generation represents a critical strategy to address energy shortages.However,significant challenges persist.Current studies predominantly rely on complex self-assembly processes to fabricate composite functional materials,leading to high costs and suboptimal energy conversion efficiencies.Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803,a naturally occurring cyanobacterium,is used extensively in photovoltaic energy research and offers much potential for multienergy coupling for power generation.Inspired by the photosynthetic mechanisms of algae,which simultaneously capture moisture and solar energy,this study presents a novel hydrovoltaic-photovoltaic electricity generator based on a biofilm of Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803,thereby eliminating the need for additional photosensitive materials.This generator integrates the inherent hydrovoltaic and photovoltaic properties of cyanobacteria,producing electricity via both effects during the day and exclusively via the hydrovoltaic effect at night,facilitating uninterrupted energy production at all times.Through synergistic hydrovoltaic-photovoltaic coupling,the device achieves a maximum open-circuit voltage of 0.52 V and a short-circuit current of 0.57μA,with a specific power density of 1.7×10^(−4)W/m^(2),which is significantly better than the power density of independent moisture-driven generation(5×10^(−5)W/m^(2)).Moreover,the biofilm retains substantial biological activity after prolonged electricity generation and enables linear amplification in series and parallel configurations,demonstrating its applicability in real-world scenarios.This research offers new insights into the development of next-generation continuous bio-based hydrovoltaic energy technologies.

关 键 词：水伏发电 湿气发电 水伏-光伏耦合发电机 蓝藻生物膜 全天候持续产电 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]