信用工具促进民营经济发展的三个向度  

Three Dimensions of Credit Tools Promoting the Development of the Private Economy

作　　者：王瑞雪[1] Wang Ruixue

机构地区：[1]南开大学法学院

出　　处：《地方立法研究》2025年第2期57-71,共15页Local Legislation Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“社会信用体系的法律保障机制研究”(21&ZD199)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：近年来,以声誉和资格为核心调控要素的信用工具已成为最为重要的规制工具创新之一。聚焦于促进民营经济发展的法治保障,信用工具的应然功用与发展进路可以从政务诚信、合理威慑与民营企业增信三个向度展开讨论。其一,从政府自我约束的角度,信用工具应聚焦促使政府解决拖欠企业账款问题,通过统一信用平台,系统披露政务失信信息,提升透明度,从而增强政务信用。其二,从信用监管的角度,信用工具应避免滥用与软弱并存的弊端,对监管对象达成合理威慑。其三,从民营企业信用建设的角度,信用工具应尊重市场规律,更加多元化,为民营企业增信,帮助民营企业拓展信贷和市场交易机会。《中华人民共和国民营经济促进法(草案征求意见稿)》已涵盖上述三个向度,但仍有进一步细化和优化的空间。In recent years,credit instruments,with reputation and qualification as the core regulatory elements,have become one of the most important regulatory tool innovations.Focusing on the rule of law to promote the development of the private economy,the due function and development path of credit tools can be discussed from the perspective of government integrity,reasonable deterrence and private enterprise credit enhancement.First,from the perspective of government self-restraint,credit tools should be focused on prompting the government to solve the problem of government's defaults on payments to enterprises by systematically disclosing information on governmental defaults through a unified credit platform to enhance transparency,thereby strengthening governmental credit.Secondly,from the perspective of credit supervision,credit tools should avoid the disadvantages of“abuse”and“soft constraints”,and achieve a reasonable deterrent to the targets of supervision.Thirdly,from the perspective of credit construction of private enterprises,credit tools should respect the law of the market,provide more diversified credit enhancement for private enterprises,and help them expand credit and market trading opportunities.The Private Economy Promotion Law(draft version for seeking public comment)already covers these three directions,but there is still room for further refinement and optimization.

关 键 词：信用工具 声誉机制 资格调控机制 政务诚信 合理威慑 民营企业增信 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]