机器学习的“阿喀琉斯之踵”及其正向规约  

The“Achilles'Heel”of Machine Learning and Its Positive Regulation

作　　者：夏明月 陈冬阳 XIA Mingyue;CHEN Dongyang(School of Marxism,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学马克思主义学院,上海200433

出　　处：《云梦学刊》2025年第2期45-52,共8页Journal of Yunmeng

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“当代资本前沿问题研究”(22zxb088);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“‘数字思政’的生成逻辑与实现路径研究”(CXJJ-2024-397)。

摘　　要：机器学习的快速发展和广泛应用,深刻地重塑了社会各行业的运作模式,提升了效率与创新能力。然而,伴随而来的“阿喀琉斯之踵”也日渐凸显,主要表现为数据隐私泄露与算法偏见、主客体关系的异化与信任缺失、权责主体模糊与归责困境、软法的缺陷与硬法的缺失、能源消耗与生态破坏等伦理风险。推动机器学习向上向善发展,必须优化技术设计,加强隐私保护与社会公正;构建伦理规约,强化以人为本与诚信品质;强化伦理审查,完善机器学习规范体系;加快法治进程,健全机器学习制度约束;坚持绿色低碳,推动机器学习可持续发展。The rapid development and wide application of machine learning has profoundly reshaped the operation mode of various industries in the society,and improved the efficiency and innovation ability.However,the accompanying"Achilles heel"has become increasingly prominent,mainly manifested as data privacy leakage and algorithmic bias,the alienation and lack of trust between subject and object relationship,the ambiguity and attribution dilemma of power and responsibility subjects,the lack of soft law and hard law,energy consumption and ecological destruction and other ethical risks.To promote the upward development of machine learning,it is necessary to optimize the technical design,strengthen privacy protection and social justice;construct ethics regulations,strengthen the people-oriented and integrity quality;strengthen ethical review,improve the standard system of machine learning,accelerate the rule of law,improve the institutional constraints of machine learning;adhere to green energy saving,and promote the sustainable development of machine learning.

关 键 词：机器学习 伦理风险 人工智能 阿喀琉斯之踵 正向规约 

分 类 号：B82-0[哲学宗教—伦理学]