探讨轻量化材料的汽车车身结构优化设计与分析  

Optimal Design and Analysis of Automobile Body Structure with Lightweight Materials

作　　者：周文龙 Zhou Wenlong

机构地区：[1]黄河交通学院,河南焦作454950

出　　处：《时代汽车》2025年第7期120-122,共3页Auto Time

摘　　要：针对目前我国“双碳”战略需求,以提升整车的可靠度、主动适应“双碳”战略需求为目标,开展基于轻量化与可靠度的车身结构优化研究。首先,阐述了系统的轻量化工艺及可靠度计算理论,建立了系统的可靠度优化设计方法。其次,通过对整车刚度、振型等参数的敏感性研究,建立基于多个参数的整车刚度与模态-振型多目标优化数学模型,获得整车结构的最优计算方法。研究发现,经过优化设计的汽车,其抗弯、抗扭的刚性系数可达6689N/mm,提高了15012N/mm,提高了4.68%,提高了2.17%。经验证,该方法可使其在较短时间内的疲劳周期为22.35×10。研究结果表明,本文提出的新型车体结构在疲劳性能和稳定性能方面都有很大的提高,为我国轿车工业的发展提出了新的思路。Aiming at the current demand of China's "dual carbon" strategy and with the goal of improving the reliability of the whole vehicle and actively adapting to the "dual carbon" strategy,the research on the optimization of the vehicle body structure based on lightweight and reliability is carried out.Firstly,the systematic lightweight process and reliability calculation theory are expounded,and a systematic reliability optimization design method is established.Secondly,through the sensitivity study of parameters such as the stiff ness and vibration mode of the whole vehicle,a multi-objective optimization mathematical model of the stiff ness,mode and vibration mode of the whole vehicle based on multiple parameters is established,and the optimal calculation method of the whole vehicle structure is obtained.The research finds that for the automobile after optimization design,its bending and torsional stiff ness coefficients can reach 6689 N/mm,which is increased by 15012 N/mm,with an increase of 4.68% and 2.17% respectively.After verification,this method can make its fatigue cycle within a short time reach 22.35×10.The research results show that the new vehicle body structure proposed in this paper has greatly improved fatigue performance and stability performance,providing a new idea for the development of China's car industry.

关 键 词：汽车 有限元 车身 结构设计 轻量化 可靠性分析 

分 类 号：U46[机械工程—车辆工程]