新高考科目改革的区域评价差异与推进策略——基于熵权TOPSIS模型的分析  

Regional Evaluation Difference and Promotion Strategy of New College Entrance Examination Subject Reform:Analysis Based on Entropy Weight TOPSIS Model

作　　者：李木洲 曾思鑫 LI Muzhou;ZENG Sixin(Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学本科招生处,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江大学科举学与考试研究中心,浙江杭州310058 [3]浙江大学教育学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2025年第3期59-67,共9页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：2020年度教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“高校考试招生改革引导学生德智体美劳全面发展研究”(20JZD050)的研究成果。

摘　　要：科目改革是新高考改革的核心与难点。基于熵权TOPSIS模型评估各省份新高考科目改革评价指标数据差异情况,研究表明:各省份对新高考科目改革实施情况评价差异较大,不同群体间呈现出显著省际差异。各省份选科评价排名差异与新高考批次安排之间存在一定关联。主观规范是影响各省学生群体选科评价的主要障碍因子,家庭影响是主要影响指标。行为态度与感知行为控制是影响各省教师群体选科评价的主要障碍因子,选科制度的整体满意度及学生专业发展和职业规划是主要影响指标。深化新高考科目改革,应采取制定与区域教育生态适配的选科指导方案、健全公平优先的教育资源调配机制、推进区域内教育资源精准布局,以及构建家校社协同全链条育人生态等推进策略。Subject reform is the core and difficulty of the new round of college entrance examination reform.Based on the entropy weight TOPSIS model,this paper evaluates the differences in the evaluation index data of the subject reform of the new college entrance examination in various provinces.The research shows that there are great differences in the evaluation of the implementation of the new college entrance examination curriculum among different groups in different provinces.There is a certain correlation between the differences in the ranking of subject selection evaluation in each province and the batch arrangement of the new college entrance examination.Subjective norms are the main obstacle factors affecting the subject selection evaluation of student groups in each province,and family influence is the main influencing indicator.Behavioral attitude and perceived behavioral control are the main obstacle factors affecting the subject selection evaluation of teacher groups in each province,and the overall satisfaction with the subject selection system,as well as students'professional development and career planning,are the main influencing indicators.In order to deepen the reform of college entrance examination subjects,we should formulate a topic selection guidance scheme suitable for regional educational ecology,improve the fair and priority allocation mechanism of educational resources,and promote the accurate allocation of regional educational resources,constructing the whole chain of home-school community construction and education cooperation ecology and other promotion strategies.

关 键 词：新高考选科模式 区域评价差异 选科评价影响因素 熵权TOPSIS 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]