肿瘤PET示踪剂核素标记中的基础化学  

Basic Chemistry in Radionuclide Labeling of Tumor PET Tracers

作　　者：杨雪梅 乔雨宸 郝亚萌 王志鹏 任鹏 YANG Xue-Mei;QIAO Yu-Chen;HAO Ya-Meng;WANG Zhipeng A;REN Peng(School of Science,Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen),Shenzhen 518055,China;BGI-Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518103,China;Division of Genetics,Department of Medicine,Brigham and Women’s Hospital,Boston,Massachusetts 02115,United States;Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology,Harvard Medical School,Boston,Massachusetts 02115,United States;Desai Sethi Urology Institute,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center,University of Miami Miller School of Medicine,Miami,FL 33136,United States)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)理学院,广东深圳518055 [2]华大研究院生物智能技术研究所,广东深圳518103 [3]Division of Genetics,Department of Medicine,Brigham and Women’s Hospital,Boston,Massachusetts 02115,United States [4]Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology,Harvard Medical School,Boston,Massachusetts 02115,United States [5]Desai Sethi Urology Institute,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center,University of Miami Miller School of Medicine,Miami,FL 33136,United States

出　　处：《化学教育(中英文)》2025年第6期1-10,共10页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

摘　　要：癌症作为全球主要的致死原因之一,对公共卫生构成了巨大的挑战。癌症的防控策略不仅需要治疗技术的进步,也同样需要诊断技术的发展。肿瘤的发生和发展伴随着细胞结构和功能的多种变化,以及肿瘤微环境的显著改变。在这些变化过程中,特定分子的表达水平会出现异常,这些异常表达的分子可以作为肿瘤诊断的生物标志物。近年来,正电子发射断层扫描(Positron Emission Tomography,简称PET)作为一种重要的分子成像技术,已被广泛应用于检测肿瘤的结构和功能变化。PET技术的核心在于放射性示踪剂的开发与应用,这些示踪剂的设计和合成一般基于化学原理的深入理解和创新应用。本文旨在综述PET中几种典型的放射性示踪剂,并探讨核素标记过程中涉及的化学原理,增进对PET在肿瘤诊断中应用的理解,并提升对化学在生物医学领域中作用的认识。此外,PET放射性示踪剂的设计和合成过程是化学教育的宝贵资源,对化学在生命科学相关学科的教学具有重要意义。Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, resulting in a significant medical burden.Its control depends not only on advances in treatment methods but also on the development of detection technologies.The occurrence and progression of tumors are accompanied by various changes in cellular structures and functions, as well as alterations in the tumor microenvironment.These processes involve specific molecular changes that can serve as cancer biomarkers.In recent years, positron emission tomography(PET)has been widely used to capture these molecular changes, enabling the detection of structural and functional alterations in tumors.The progress of PET technology relies on the discovery and use of various radiotracers, which are closely associated with their chemical design and synthesis.This article reviews the roles of different types of typical radioactive tracers in PET for cancer biomarker detection and provides an overview of the fundamental chemistry knowledge involved in the labelling of radioactive tracers.This not only contributes to public understanding of the application of radioactive tracers in cancer detection but also helps the public appreciate the role of basic chemistry knowledge in the development of PET radiotracers.Meanwhile, the design and synthesis process of these radioactive tracers also serve as excellent materials for basic chemistry education, contributing to the teaching of basic chemistry in life science-related disciplines.

关 键 词：癌症 肿瘤诊断 正电子发射断层 放射性示踪剂 化学应用 

分 类 号：TQ421.7[化学工程] R730.44[医药卫生—肿瘤]