三角帆蚌对河道水质的改善作用研究  

Effects of Hyriopsis cumingii on improving the water quality of river

作　　者：王宏春 孟丽华 史艳伟 赵满义 刘方 WANG Hongchun;MENG Lihua;SHI Yanwei;ZHAO Manyi;LIU Fang(Ji'ning North Lake Provincial Tourism Resort Ecological Environment Affairs Center,Ji'ning 272000,China;Ji'ning Fishery Development and Resource Conservation Center,Ji'ning 272000,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁北湖省级旅游度假区生态环境事务中心,山东济宁272000 [2]济宁市渔业发展和资源养护中心,山东济宁272000

出　　处：《养殖与饲料》2025年第4期113-117,共5页Animals Breeding and Feed

基　　金：济宁市黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展重大研发项目(2022HHCG011)。

摘　　要：[目的]利用三角帆蚌的滤水滤食特性,监测并提升河道的水质,为X河的水质提升提供生态治理方法。[方法]选择X河城区中段作为试验地点,试验期为7个月。在试验区域内设置多个养殖区,每个养殖区投放一定数量的三角帆蚌,定期对试验区域的水质进行监测,包括化学需氧量、氨氮、总氮、总磷等指标,评估其对水质的改善效果。[结果]经过7个月的养殖,试验区域的水质得到了明显改善,化学需氧量、氨氮、总氮、总磷等指标均有所下降。150 d后,试验区的下游区域的化学需氧量由25.6 mg/L(120 d)下降至22.0 mg/L(210 d),氨氮由0.99 mg/L(120 d)下降至0.18 mg/L(210 d),总磷由0.17 mg/L(120 d)下降至0.07mg/L(210 d),达到地表三类水标准。[结论]利用三角帆蚌进行水质监测可以解决该河道浮游生物较为丰富和水体透明度偏低的问题。[Objectives]The filtering and feeding characteristics of Hyriopsis cumingii were used to monitor and improve the water quality to provide an eco-friendly method for improving the water quality of X River.[Methods]The middle section of X River urban area was selected to conduct the experiment for 7 months.Multiple aquaculture plots were set up within the experimental area,and a certain number of Hyriopsis cumingii were released into each aquaculture plot.Indicators of water quality including chemical oxygen demand,ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus in the experimented area were regularly monitored,and their effects on improving water quality were evaluated.[Results]The water quality in the experimented area was significantly improved,and indicators including chemical oxygen demand,ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus all decreased after aquaculture for 7 months.After 150 days,the chemical oxygen demand,ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the downstream area of the experimented area decreased from 25.6 mg/L(120 days)to 22.0 mg/L(210 days),from 0.99 mg/L(120 days)to 0.18 mg/L(210 days),and from 0.17 mg/L(120 days)to 0.07 mg/L(210 days),respectively,reaching the surface water standard of ClassⅢ.[Conclusions]It is indicated that the use of Hyriopsis cumingii for monitoring water quality can solve the prob‐lems of abundant plankton and low water transparency in the river..

关 键 词：三角帆蚌 生态渔业 环保 河道治理 水质 水污染 修复效果 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]