张岱年对传统心学思想的创造性阐发  

Zhang Dainian’s Creative Interpretation of Traditional Xin Xue

作　　者：张灵馨[1] ZHANG Lingxin(School of Philosophy,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学哲学学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《燕山大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期27-35,共9页Journal of Yanshan University:Philosophy and Social Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化和创新性发展研究”(2015MZD014);黑龙江省“优秀青年教师基础研究支持计划”资助项目“先秦儒家心性论与中华美学精神的主体性建构”(YQJH2023127)。

摘　　要：心学是中国传统哲学的重要组成部分,也是理解中国传统思想文化的关键。张岱年对中国传统心学思想的阐发选取了独特的理论视角。对先秦心学的研究中,他突破了以孟子为核心的传统阐释路径,提出荀子才是先秦心学的集大成者,认为荀子之心具有综合能力和巨大的精神力量。荀子提出的“心为形之君”“心能制欲”“化性起伪”以及“虚壹而静”等心学思想对后世心学产生了重要影响。对秦以后的心学研究,张岱年以朱子为核心,从心的知觉作用、人心与道心的关系以及心与其它范畴的内在关联肯定朱子心学的重要价值,并比较了心学与理学的差异与同一。张岱年对传统心学思想的创造性阐发为研究儒家心学拓宽了理论视野,具有重要的理论价值。Xin Xue(philosophy of mind)is an important part of traditional Chinese philosophy and a key to understand traditional Chinese thought and culture.Zhang Dainian’s exposition of traditional Chinese Xin Xue adopts a unique theoretical perspective.In his research on the pre-Qin philosophy of mind,he transcends the traditional interpretive approach centered on Mencius,proposing instead that Xunzi is the synthesizer of pre-Qin Xin Xue.He posits that Xunzi’s concept of the mind possesses synthetic ability and tremendous spiritual power.Xunzi’s philosophical ideas,such as“the mind is the ruler of the body”,“the mind can control desires”,“transforming nature and initiating artifice”and“emptiness,unity,and tranquility”,have exerted a profound influence on subsequent philosophies of mind.In his study of post-Qin philosophy of mind,Zhang Dainian focuses on Zhu Xi,affirming the significant value of Zhu Xi’s philosophy of mind through the lens of the mind’s perceptual function,the relationship between the human mind and the moral mind,and the intrinsic connections between the mind and other categories.He also compares the differences and similarities between Xin Xue and Li Xue(philosophy of principle).Zhang Dainian’s creative interpretation of traditional Xin Xue has broadened the theoretical horizons for the study of Confucian Xin Xue and holds important theoretical value.

关 键 词：张岱年 心学 荀子 朱子 

分 类 号：B25[哲学宗教—中国哲学]