癌症儿童安宁疗护研究进展  

Research progress on hospice care for children with cancer

作　　者：杨美芳 肖美芳 赵健 YANG Meifang;XIAO Meifang;ZHAO Jian(School of Nursing,Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China;Department of Nursing,the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China;School of Nursing,Gannan Medical University,Ganzhou 341000,China;Department of Pediatrics,the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南医科大学护理学院,四川泸州646000 [2]西南医科大学附属医院护理部,四川泸州646000 [3]赣南医科大学护理学院,江西赣州341000 [4]西南医科大学附属医院儿科,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2025年第3期267-274,共8页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：2021年西南医科大学校级社科项目“泸州市儿科医生职业精神现状及对策研究”(2021SKQN15);西南医科大学2023年校级教改课题“泸州市儿科医生职业精神现状及对策研究”(JG2023yb152);西南医科大学虚拟仿真实验教学一流课程重点培育项目“护理人文关怀—临终情境照护体验虚拟仿真实验”(XNFZ20220001)。

摘　　要：癌症儿童的安宁疗护是医学领域中的重要议题,涉及多学科的综合照护和关怀。从患儿和家属需求的角度凝练安宁疗护发展情况,从医疗护理服务的供给能力中寻找癌症儿童安宁疗护供给困境,对于促进中国儿童安宁疗护的发展,提升患儿及其家属的生活质量具有重要意义。通过梳理安宁疗护概述及必要性,从癌症儿童及其家属安宁疗护需求分析得出,其患儿具有缓解疼痛需求、优质护理需求、陪伴与安全感需求,而其家属具有情感支持需求、专业指导需求、信息及时需求,总结了目前癌症儿童及其家属安宁疗护存在医疗资源缺乏、心理支持不足、医患沟通不畅、道德伦理困境等问题,以此提出坚持以患儿为中心,实施整体性照护服务;拓宽医疗资源供给,建立多学科融合机制;关注患儿家属需求,加强护理员专业技能;注重患者权益保护,打破道德伦理的困境等措施。Hospice care for children with cancer is an important issue in the medical field,involving multidisciplinary comprehensive care and concern.Condensing the development of hospice care from the perspective of the needs of children with cancer and their families,as well as identifying the challenges in the supply of hospice care services for children with cancer,are of great significance for promoting the development of pediatric hospice care in China and improving the quality of life of children with cancer and their families.By sorting out the overview and necessity of hospice care and analyzing the hospice care needs of children with cancer and their families,it was concluded that children with cancer have the needs for pain relief,high-quality care,companionship,and security,whereas their families have the needs for emotional support,professional guidance,and timely information.The paper summarized the current problems in hospice care for children with cancer and their families,such as a lack of medical resources,inadequate psychological support,poor doctor-patient communication,and moral and ethical dilemmas.Based on these,this paper proposed some measures,such as adhering to child-centered care and implementing holistic care services;broadening the supply of medical resources and establishing multidisciplinary integration mechanisms;focusing on the needs of children’s families and strengthening the professional skills of nursing staff;as well as emphasizing the protection of patients’rights and interests and breaking the moral and ethical dilemmas.

关 键 词：癌症儿童 安宁疗护 医疗护理服务 整体性照护 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]