象虫金小蜂在储粮害虫防治中的研究与应用进展  

Advances in Research and Application of Anisopteromalus Calandrae in Control of Stored Grain Insects

作　　者：柳伟伟 吕建华[1] 宋纪真[2] 郭亚飞 奚家勤[2] Liu Weiwei;LüJianhua;Song Jizhen;Guo Yafei;Xi Jiaqin(Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Storage Security,School of Food and Strategic Reserves,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001;Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou 450001)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮食和物资储备学院,粮食储藏安全河南省协同创新中心,郑州450001 [2]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,郑州450001

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2025年第3期32-39,共8页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2100604);中国烟草总公司科技项目(110202202029)。

摘　　要：象虫金小蜂是一种体外单寄生蜂,世代周期短,繁殖能力强,寄生效率高,可寄生多种鞘翅目储粮害虫老熟幼虫和蛹,对防治储粮害虫具有较大潜力。本文对象虫金小蜂生物学特性、控害能力、人工大规模扩繁和实际应用及其影响因素等进行综述。生物学特性概述象虫金小蜂各虫态形态特征及发育历期、寿命与繁殖能力、寄主定位,识别与寄生、学习行为与生殖策略;控害能力阐述象虫金小蜂虫控害效果、对粮堆和包装材料的穿透能力、空间扩散能力及对寄主生境不同挥发物的选择行为;人工大规模扩繁介绍象虫金小蜂及其寄主低温冷藏、子代性比、寄主食物与寄主种类的影响;实际应用部分则阐述使用昆虫病原真菌、纳米粒子和硅藻土对象虫金小蜂的影响、象虫金小蜂对马拉硫磷的抗性、不同释放比例、寄生空间和冬夏季极端温度对其控害能力的影响、象虫金小蜂对空仓残留害虫种群的定位能力及其体内的RNA病毒,以期对今后高效利用象虫金小蜂防治储粮害虫有所裨益。Anisopteromalus calandrae is an ectoparasitoid with short life history,strong reproductive ability,high parasitic efficiency,and has great potential to control mature larvae and pupae of several Coleoptera species in stored grain.The biological characteristics,ability to control pest insects,the influence factors of large-scale rearing and practical application of A.calandrae were summarized.The morphological characteristics and development time of all stages,lifespan and reproductive ability,host location,discrimination and parasitism,learning behavior and reproductive strategies were mainly summarized as biological characteristics.The pest control ability of A.calandrae focused on the control effect of different pests,the penetration ability of grain mass and packaging materials,the spatial dispersal ability,and the selection behavior of different volatiles in the host habitat.Artificial large-scale rearing mainly includes the cold storage of A.calandrae and its hosts,influencing factors of the offspring sex ratio and the influence of host species and host food on A.calandrae.In the practical application part,the effects of insect pathogenic fungi,nanoparticles and diatomaceous earth on A.calandrae,resistance of A.calandrae to malathion,the effects of different release ratios,parasitic space and extreme temperature in summer and winter on pest control efficiency,the location ability of A.calandrae on the residual pest population in empty warehouses and the RNA virus in its body were summarized,which will be in favor of the efficient use of A.calandrae to control stored grain pests in the future.

关 键 词：象虫金小蜂 生物学特性 控害能力 人工大规模扩繁 实际应用 

分 类 号：S379.5[农业科学—农产品加工]