超声辅助复合酶解法提取山桐子油的条件优化及品质分析  

Optimisation of Conditions and Quality Analysis for the Extraction of Idesia Polycarpa Maxim Oil by Ultrasound-Assisted Compound Enzymatic Digestion

作　　者：张诗怡 黄秀芳 豆磊 王智勇 阚建全[3] 罗凯 Zhang Shiyi;Huang Xiufang;Dou Lei;Wang Zhiyong;Kan Jianquan;Luo Kai(Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Selenium Food Nutrition and Health Intelligent Technology,Hubei Minzu University,Enshi 445000;College of Biology and Food Engineering,Hubei Minzu University,Enshi 445000;College of Food Science,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715)

机构地区：[1]硒食品营养与健康智能技术湖北省工程研究中心,湖北民族大学,恩施445000 [2]湖北民族大学生物与食品工程学院,恩施445000 [3]西南大学食品科学学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2025年第3期141-149,共9页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目(2023AFD080);硒食品营养与健康智能技术湖北省工程研究中心开放基金项目(PT082301);湖北民族大学研究生科研创新项目(MYK2023037)。

摘　　要：为优化超声辅助复合酶法提取山桐子油的工艺条件,分析所得油脂品质,通过单因素实验、D-最优混料设计、响应面优化实验对复合酶配比、超声波预处理条件、酶解条件进行优化,在此基础上对所得山桐子油的理化指标、脂肪酸组成以及抗氧化活性进行了研究与分析。结果表明:超声时间4.2 h、超声功率90 W、超声温度51℃、质量分数3.5%复合酶(m_(果胶酶)∶m_(纤维素酶)∶m_(半纤维酶)=0.393∶0.210∶0.397)、酶解pH 5、料液比1∶5,超声辅助复合酶提取结束后,调pH至中性加入中性蛋白酶破乳1 h,在此工艺下山桐子油提取率为90.36%,所得山桐子油酸价42 mg/g、过氧化值0.02 g/100 g、碘值135.13 g/100 g、皂化值194.19 mg/g,且具有一定抗氧化活性。The study aims to optimize the process conditions for stepwise enzymatic extraction of Idesia polycarpa Maxim oil using ultrasound-assisted composite enzymes and to analyse the quality of the extracted oil.The optimization of composite enzyme ratios,ultrasonic pretreatment conditions,and enzymatic conditions was achieved through one-way tests,D-optimal mixing design,and response surface methodology.The physicochemical properties,fatty acid compositions,and antioxidant activities of the extracted Idesia polycarpa Maxim oil were thoroughly investigated.The results showed that under optimal conditions-ultrasonic time of 4.2 hours,ultrasonic power of 90 W,ultrasonic temperature of 51℃,and a composite enzyme mass fraction of 3.5%(with a pectinase:cellulase:hemicellulase ratio of 0.393∶0.210∶0.397)-the extraction was completed successfully.After enzyme hydrolysis at pH 5,the material-liquid ratio was set to 1∶5,followed by neutralization and the addition of neutral protease lactobiont for 1 hour.Under these conditions the extraction rate of Idesia polycarpa Maxim oil reached 90.36%.The extracted oil exhibited an acid value of 42 mg/g,a peroxide value of 0.02 g/100 g,an iodine value of 135.13 g/100 g,and a saponification value of 194.19 mg/g.Additionally,the oil demonstrated some antioxidant activity.

关 键 词：水酶法 混料设计 超声辅助 提取率 脂肪酸 抗氧化 

分 类 号：TS225.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]