失当、溯源与进路:监察留置的证据要件效力  

Misconduct,Source and Route:Monitoring the Validity of Evidentiary Elements of Lien

作　　者：张裕荣 柳桐 Zhang Yurong;Liu Tong(School of Criminal Justice,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学刑事司法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《河北科技师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期71-80,共10页Journal of Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：留置证据要件为留置适用设定了证据收集程度上的法定上限,其可于职务犯罪调查领域产生两方面的效力:留置一般应解除于检察机关执行拘留前;调查初期如实供述人员的留置时长应当明显相对较短。但实证分析显示,留置证据要件的这两项效力发挥失常。究其原委,存在监察问责的标准过低且条件粗疏,留置必要性审查程序不完善,留置替代措施缺失等问题。新《监察法》在一定程度上回应了上述问题,但仍存在以下待完善之处:首先,应当建立重大过错化、精细化的监察问责机制;其次,应当明确责令候查措施的酌定义务和多层次执行方式;最后,应当缩短各阶段的留置期限来增加延长留置的审批次数,并构建留置必要性审查的异体监督机制。The evidentiary element of lien is the top requirement for the degree of evidence collection in a case,which can produce two effects:the lien should be lifted before the prosecution executes the lien,and the length of lien of the surrendered person should be obviously relatively short.However,the empirical analysis shows that the effects of evi-dentiary elements are not working properly,because the standard of supervision and accountability is too low and the conditions are not enough,the examination procedure of the necessity of lien is not perfect,or the alternative measures of lien are insufficient.Supervision Law has responded to the above problems,but some issues should be improved:a fine supervision and accountability mechanism should be established;the selective obligation and multi-level execution mode of the measures should be clearly defined;the period of lien in each stage should be shortened to increase the number of examination and approval of lien extension;the heterogeneous supervision mechanism of lien necessity re-view should be established.

关 键 词：职务犯罪 留置措施 证据要件 留置时长 留置解除时机 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]