微创技术和组织工程在视网膜脱离治疗中融合应用的潜力  

The potential joint application of minimally invasive technology and tissue engineering to the treatment of retinal detachment

作　　者：许中中 田陌奇 闫媛媛 XU Zhongzhong;TIAN Moqi;YAN Yuanyuan(School of Medicine,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan Province,China;Department of Ophthalmology,The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine(Zhengzhou People’s Hospital),Zhengzhou 450000,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学医学院,河南省郑州市450046 [2]河南中医药大学第五临床医学院(郑州人民医院)眼科,河南省郑州市450000

出　　处：《眼科新进展》2025年第4期326-336,共11页Recent Advances in Ophthalmology

摘　　要：视网膜脱离(RD)是指视网膜神经上皮层与色素上皮层之间的分离,这是一种严重的眼科急症,如果不及时治疗,可能会导致永久性视力丧失。因而其治疗方法的研究具有重要意义。目前,RD的治疗方法包括激光光凝术、气压性视网膜固定术、巩膜扣带术以及玻璃体切割术等。随着微创手术技术的进步,微创玻璃体切割术已经成为一种重要的治疗手段,随着23 G、25 G和27 G等更小口径器械的发展,微创手术通过减少手术切口大小来降低手术创伤,提高手术的安全性和有效性;同时,组织工程在视网膜修复中的潜力逐渐显现,尤其是在生物材料的应用和细胞治疗的研究领域。尽管当前研究已显示出组织工程良好的前景,但仍面临一些挑战,包括生物材料的生物相容性、细胞治疗的有效性以及长期疗效的评估等。因此,本文旨在综述微创技术与组织工程在RD治疗中的应用现状,探讨其潜在优势、局限性和融合趋势,并展望未来的发展方向,为临床实践提供指导。Retinal detachment(RD)is defined as a separation between the neuroepithelial layer and the pigment epithelial layer of the retina,which is a serious ophthalmologic emergency that,if left untreated,may lead to permanent vision loss.Thus,the study of its treatment is of great importance.Current treatments include laser photocoagulation,pneumatic retinal fixation,scleral buckling,and vitrectomy,etc.With the advancement of minimally invasive surgical techniques,minimally invasive vitrectomy has become an important treatment.The development of smaller-diameter instruments such as 23 G,25 G,and 27 G has helped reduce surgical trauma by decreasing the size of the surgical incision in minimally invasive surgeries,improving surgical safety and effectiveness.At the same time,tissue engineering has emerged as a promising technique in retinal repair,especially in the application of biomaterials and the research of cell therapy.Although researchers have achieved promising results currently,there are still some challenges,such as the biocompatibility of biomaterials,the effectiveness of cell therapy,and the evaluation of long-term efficacy.Therefore,the purpose of this article is to review the current status of the application of minimally invasive techniques and tissue engineering in the treatment of retinal detachment,to discuss their potential advantages,limitations,and trends in their integration,and to look into the future direction of development to provide guidance for clinical practice.

关 键 词：视网膜脱离 微创技术 组织工程 生物材料 细胞治疗 

分 类 号：R774.1[医药卫生—眼科]