风屏障端部附近交会的背风侧列车气动效应  

Aerodynamic effects of leeward side train meeting near end of wind barrier

作　　者：陶玮 娄平[1,2] 孙震 TAO Wei;LOU Ping;SUN Zhen(School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;MOE Key Laboratory of Engineering Structures of Heavy-haul Railway,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学重载铁路工程结构教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2025年第3期954-966,共13页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(L2021G002)。

摘　　要：横风环境下高速列车在桥上交会时,迎风侧列车的挡风效应叠加交会时产生的瞬态压力波导致背风侧列车气动荷载突变。当交会发生在风速高、风速变化大且流场紊乱的桥梁风屏障端部附近时,背风侧列车的空气动力学性能势必会进一步恶化,影响其安全平稳运行。为研究横风作用下桥梁风屏障端部附近交会时背风侧列车气动效应,基于改进的延迟分离涡模拟方法,建立风屏障-高速列车-桥梁系统的CFD模型,探讨高速列车在桥梁风屏障端部附近交会时不同交会起始位置对背风侧列车交会面测点气动压力和气动荷载系数的影响规律,并分析其流场特性。在此基础上,建立车-轨-桥系统耦合动力学模型,对比研究高速列车在无风屏障桥上以及桥梁风屏障端部附近交会时背风侧列车行车安全指标的变化规律。研究结果表明:高速列车在桥梁风屏障端部附近交会时,背风侧列车头车气动性能受交会起始位置影响最为显著。与无风屏障桥上交会情形相比,当交会起始位置位于风屏障区域以外距其端部0.5L(L为列车头车长度)处时,背风侧列车测点1头波正波和全波幅值分别增大22.75%和18.31%;头车侧向力、升力和倾覆力矩系数峰值分别增大13.08%、11.39%和9.76%,相应的幅值分别增加16.16%、13.31%和25.12%。同时,风屏障端部附近交会过程中背风侧列车头车轮重减载率和脱轨系数最大值分别增加6.33%和4.14%,导致其行车安全性降低。研究结果可为进一步保障横风作用下桥上高速列车安全平稳运行提供参考。When high-speed trains meet on a bridge in a crosswind environment,the windward side train has a wind-shielding effect,which is superimposed with transient pressure waves generated during the meeting,resulting in a sudden change in the aerodynamic load of the leeward side train.When the meeting occurs near the end of the bridge wind barrier with high wind speed and turbulent airflow,the aerodynamic performance of the leeward side train is bound to deteriorate further,impacting its safe and smooth operation.To study the aerodynamic effects of the leeward train when high-speed trains meet near the end of the bridge wind barrier under crosswind,based on the improved delayed detached eddy simulation method,CFD models of the curved wind barrier,high-speed train,and bridge were established.The influence of different meeting starting positions of high-speed trains near the end of the bridge wind barrier on the aerodynamic pressure at the meeting surface measurement points and the aerodynamic load coefficients of the leeward train were explored,and its flow field characteristics were analyzed.On this basis,a coupled dynamic model of the vehicle-rail-bridge system was established.The change laws in the safety indicators of the leeward side train when high-speed trains meet on a bridge without wind barrier and near the end of the bridge wind barrier were compared and studied.The research results show that when high-speed trains meet near the end of the bridge wind barrier,the aerodynamic performance of the head car of the leeward side train is significantly affected by the starting position of the meeting.Compared with the situation of meeting on a bridge without wind barrier,when the starting position of the meeting is located 0.5L away from its end outside the wind barrier area(L is the length of the head car),the amplitude of the normal wave and the full wave at the measurement point 1 of the leeward side train increase by 22.75% and 18.31%,respectively.The peak values of the lateral force,lift,and overturning moment co

关 键 词：高速列车交会 风屏障端部 气动荷载 数值模拟 气动效应 

分 类 号：U24[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]