基于二维投影的海量点云快速配准方法  

A Fast registration method for massive point clouds based on two-dimensional projection

作　　者：梁静 施群山[4] 田方 常云浩 崔瑞兵 LIANG Jing;SHI Qunshan;TIAN Fang;CHANG Yunhao;CUI Ruibing(Department of Remote Sensing Engineering,Henan College of Surveying and Mapping,Zhengzhou 451464,China;Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Geo-Information Technology for Smart Central Plains,Zhengzhou 450052,China;Key Laboratory of Spatiotemporal Information Perception and Fusion Technology,Ministry of Land and Resources,Zhengzhou 450052,China;Institute of Geospatial Information,Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]河南测绘职业学院遥感工程系,河南郑州451464 [2]智慧中原地理信息技术河南省协同创新中心,河南郑州450052 [3]时空信息感知与融合技术自然资源部重点实验室,河南郑州450052 [4]信息工程大学地理空间信息学院,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《海洋测绘》2025年第1期72-77,共6页Hydrographic Surveying and Charting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42201472);智慧中原地理信息技术河南省协同创新中心、时空感知与智能处理自然资源部重点实验室联合基金一般项目(212108,232109);河南省科技攻关项目(242102320020)。

摘　　要：大区域海量机载激光点云快速配准是点云数据应用的一个基础性问题,为了评估三维点云转变为二维影像进行点云配准策略的有效性,设计了基于二维投影的海量点云快速配准方法,从有效性和适应性的角度,建立了评估指标体系,利用大区域机载LiDAR数据作为测试数据。试验结果表明:该算法策略可以有效用于大区域海量机载LiDAR点云数据的高精度配准,在配准重合度、点云均方根误差、平均绝对误差、配准时间4个指标上都取得了最好的效果,即使无色彩信息的点云,或者差异较大的点云数据之间的配准也能适用。The rapid registration of large-scale airborne laser point clouds is a fundamental problem in the application of point cloud data.In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the point cloud registration strategy for converting 3D point clouds into 2D images,a large-scale point cloud rapid registration method based on 2D projection was designed.From the perspective of effectiveness and adaptability,an evaluation index system was established,and large-scale airborne LiDAR data was used as test data.The experimental results show that this algorithm strategy can be effectively used for high-precision registration of large-scale airborne LiDAR point cloud data,achieving the best results in four indicators:registration coincidence degree,root mean square error,average absolute error,and registration time.Even point clouds without color information or with significant differences can be registered.

关 键 词：海量点云 二维投影 栅格图生成 特征点匹配 点云配准 

分 类 号：P23[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]