巨厚白垩系含水层采动渗透性演化及高位离层积水模型  

Permeability evolution of the thick Cretaceous aquifer and the high-level bed separation water accumulation model during coal mining

作　　者：乔伟[1,2,3] 孟祥胜 杨眷[4] 李连刚 梁启敬 刘梦楠 陶志和 韩昌民 孔维滕 QIAO Wei;MENG Xiangsheng;YANG Juan;LI Liangang;LIANG Qijing;LIU Mengnan;TAO Zhihe;HAN Changmin;KONG Weiteng(School of Resources and Geosciences,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Detection and Early Warning for Geology and Hazards in Mining Areas of the Ministry of Emergency Management,Xuzhou 221116,China;Zero Carbon Negative Carbon in Deep Mining Area Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education,Xuzhou 221116,China;Shaanxi Jinyuan Zhaoxian Mining Co.,Ltd.,Baoji 721599,China;Anhui Wanbei Coal Power Group Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 234000,China;Shandong Energy Group South America Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]矿区地质与灾害超前探测与预警应急管理部重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [3]矿区深部零碳负碳技术教育部工程研究中心,江苏徐州221116 [4]陕西金源招贤矿业有限公司,陕西宝鸡721599 [5]安徽省皖北煤电集团有限责任公司,安徽宿州234000 [6]山东能源集团南美有限公司,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2025年第2期1047-1061,共15页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42472334);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划资助项目(KYCX23_2762);中国矿业大学研究生创新计划资助项目(2023WLKXJ005)。

摘　　要：离层水作为一种采动突涌水水源,其突水具有瞬时量大、周期性和突水征兆不明显等特点,危害极大,防控难度极高。以陕西省黄陇煤田永陇矿区招贤煤矿为研究区,针对白垩系含水层开展了长期群孔抽水试验,采用基于同步连续线性估计算法(SimSLE)的水力层析反演技术,分析了工作面采动过程中含水层渗透性演化规律,最后通过地下水动力学和数值模拟的方法,建立了考虑真空负压作用的采动覆岩渗透性演化–离层积水模型。结果表明:①采动覆岩巨厚白垩系含水层的渗透性整体呈现先增大后减小的趋势,采空区范围内白垩系含水层渗透系数增长为天然状态下含水层渗透系数的23~392倍,采动影响范围内渗透系数增长为天然状态下含水层渗透系数的1~67倍,在平面上,随着工作面的持续推进,工作面前方的渗透性是依次序逐步演化增大的;②以半无限含水层空间汇点概化模型为基础,推导了真空负压状态下的离层积水理论模型,通过COMSOL数值软件建立了经典稳态问题中的“圆岛模型”,数值计算结果与理论模型偏差较小,说明通过COMSOL数值软件建立的离层积水模型是合理的;③区块渗透性逐一发生演化时,离层积水速率仅有小幅度的提升,直至所有区块渗透性均发生演化后,离层空间的积水速率从14.09 m^(3)/h提升到了98.95 m^(3)/h,提升幅度达84.86 m^(3)/h,同时绝对真空状态下相较于标准大气压进水速率高2.5 m^(3)/h。论文提出的含水层采动渗透性演化–离层积水模型可以为高位离层积水速率的预测和演化提供研究思路。Bed separation water,as a source of sudden water inrush induced by mining,is characterized by large instantaneous discharge,periodic occurrence,and subtle warning signs,making it highly hazardous and extremely challenging to prevent and control.Taking the Zhaoxian Coal Mine in the Yonglong Mining Area of the Huanglong Coalfield,Shaanxi province,as the study area,a long-term multi-well pumping test was conducted on the Cretaceous aquifer.Hydraulic tomography inversion technology,based on the Simultaneous Sequential Linear Estimation(SimSLE)algorithm,was used to analyze the permeability evolution of the aquifer during mining.Finally,a mining-induced permeability evolution and bed separation water accumulation model,incorporating vacuum negative pressure effects,was established through groundwater dynamics and numerical simulation methods.The results indicate that:①The permeability of the Cretaceous aquifer in the overlying strata exhibits a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing as mining progresses.Within the goaf area,the permeability coefficient of the Cretaceous aquifer increases to 23-392 times that of its natural state,while within the mining influence area,it increases to 1-67 times that of its natural state.In the horizontal plane,as the working face advances,the permeability in the front of the working face undergoes a sequential and progressive increase.②Based on the conceptual model of the spatial convergence point in a semi-infinite aquifer,a theoretical model of bed separation water accumulation under vacuum negative pressure was derived.A“circular island model”for classic steady-state conditions was developed using COMSOL numerical simulation software.The numerical results showed minimal deviation from the theoretical model,indicating that the bed separation water accumulation model established using COMSOL is reasonable and reliable.③When the permeability of individual blocks evolves sequentially,the bed separation water accumulation rate increases only slightly.However,once all

关 键 词：离层水害 水力层析 渗透性演化 地下水动力学 离层积水模型 

分 类 号：TD745[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]