基于宇宙线缪子透射成像的建筑材料甄别方法初步研究  

Preliminary study on the building material discrimination method based on cosmic ray muography

作　　者：徐仲行 代文翰 曾志[1] 程建平[1,2] XU Zhonghang;DAI Wenhan;ZENG Zhi;CHENG Jianping(Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学工程物理系,北京100084 [2]北京师范大学,北京100875

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2025年第3期1-8,共8页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(L242004)。

摘　　要：利用宇宙线缪子的强穿透性可以对大型建筑进行透射成像,但目前缪子透射成像主要用于识别密度差异,尚无可甄别建筑材料的分析方法。该文提出用蒙特卡洛模拟计算图像重建中建筑物各体素缪子阻止本领的统计分布,再结合贝叶斯推断计算不同先验材料组合下的后验概率,以此实现建筑材料的甄别。为验证算法可行性,开展了假想的缪子透射成像实验,构建石、木、空气组合的建筑结构,以修正的Gaisser公式描述宇宙线缪子源项,并在建筑周围设置理想的缪子探测器,分析表明在理想探测条件下,该算法可识别建筑结构及对应材料。预期在结合适当的缪子探测手段的情况下,该方法可为缪子透射成像提供密度区别和物质甄别的新成像模式,为大型建筑的结构研究提供新的检测手段。[Objective]This study introduces a new method for material discrimination in cosmic ray muon transmission imaging,addressing a current limitation in the field that primarily focuses on identifying void volumes or density anomalies within large architectures.This method will be more crucial for the structural inspection and protection of large architectures and will broaden the applications and analytical modes of muon imaging technology.[Methods]The proposed material discrimination method integrates Monte Carlo simulation and Bayesian inference to achieve three-dimensional reconstruction of the structures and materials of large architectures.First,the researchers summarized the basic principles of cosmic ray muon transmission imaging into forward and inverse models.The forward model uses measured or simulated muon counts from various directions to derive the minimum energy matrix.By combining this minimum energy matrix and the track length matrix of voxels,the minimum stopping power matrix representing material information can be calculated in the inverse model using the algebraic reconstruction technique algorithm.Furthermore,a material identification process is established through Monte Carlo simulation and Bayesian inference,utilizing the minimum stopping power matrix and the prior hypothesis of structural materials.This process yields posterior probabilities corresponding to different prior hypotheses and quantitatively analyses the most probable architecture materials using the statistical testing quantity ptest.To validate the feasibility of the new method,an architecture composed of rock,wood,and air was constructed within an ideal simulation experiment.The simulated cosmic ray muons were generated using Gaisser’s formula,and their transportation and detection were simulated using an ideal detector.[Results]The application of the forward and inverse models on the simulated data effectively reconstructed the intended geometric structure and enabled basic identification of the materials(such as rock and wo

关 键 词：宇宙线缪子 缪子透射成像 材料识别 蒙特卡洛抽样 贝叶斯推断 

分 类 号：O572.19[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]