高校科研仪器共享平台赋能科技创新发展的现实困境和优化路径——基于扎根理论的案例研究  

Realistic dilemma and optimization path of university research instrument sharing platforms in empowering science and technology innovation:A case study based on grounded theory

作　　者：于若溪 黄涛 张胜[1] YU Ruoxi;HUANG Tao;ZHANG Sheng(School of Public Policy and Administration,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2025年第3期246-252,共7页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：陕西省软科学项目(重点)(2024ZC-WTXM-01)。

摘　　要：该文基于扎根理论的质性研究方法,探究高校科研仪器共享平台赋能科技创新发展困境的生成机理。研究发现科研仪器设备开放共享交易以及维修维护交易中存在的资产专用性是导致困境的深层原因:开放共享服务中的资产专用性主要产生于高校科研仪器共享平台的物质资产专用性投资与领域知识专用性投资;维修维护服务中的资产专用性主要产生于供应商的领域知识专用性投资。基于研究结果,本文提出了优化路径,以期推进我国高校科研仪器设备开放共享,提升创新资源配置效率,从而更有效地赋能科技创新发展。[Objective]University scientific research instrument-sharing platforms are vital for driving scientific and technological advancements.When resources such as research instruments and equipment are scarce,efficient allocation becomes more important than the sheer quantity of resources.However,university research instrument-sharing platforms in China face numerous administrative and operational challenges.[Methods]This study focuses on the Xi'an Jiaotong University Analysis and Testing Sharing Centre as the research subject.A model of asset specificity is constructed according to grounded theory to analyze the generation mechanism of challenges faced by university scientific research instrument-sharing platforms in promoting technological innovation.The study further explores these challenges and proposes optimization paths for enhancing the platform’s effectiveness.[Results]The study found that the dual nature of material asset specificity and domain knowledge specificity poses a significant challenge to the operation and management of university research instrument-sharing platforms.The material-and knowledge-specific investments made by the owners of research instruments and equipment,combined with the non-profit nature of the income generated from sharing these resources,prevent university research instrument-sharing platforms from establishing a balanced transaction model for shared services.Consequently,the lack of a compensation mechanism further reduces the owner’s willingness to open up and share their instruments and equipment.As a result of the knowledge-specific investments made by suppliers of scientific research equipment,universities have become“unilaterally dependent”on these suppliers for maintenance and repair services.Furthermore,the maintenance and repair services throughout the entire life cycle of the equipment have become“locked in,”leading to supplier monopolies and the potential for opportunistic behavior.This situation indirectly discourages university scientific research equip

关 键 词：科研仪器设备 开放共享 资产专用性 知识赋能 扎根理论 

分 类 号：G311[文化科学]