脂质组与转录组联合揭示南阳牛不同肌肉组织脂质特征的差异表达模式  

The Combination of Lipidome and Transcriptome Revealed the Differential Expression Patterns of Lipid Characteristics in Different Muscle Tissues for Nanyang Cattle

作　　者：高岩浩 王婷婷[1] 白卫卫 杜兴杰 刘贤 秦本源 付彤[1] 孙宇[1] 高腾云[1] 张天留 GAO YanHao;WANG TingTing;BAI WeiWei;DU XingJie;LIU Xian;QIN BenYuan;FU Tong;SUN Yu;GAO TengYun;ZHANG TianLiu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046;Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450002)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物科技学院,郑州450046 [2]河南省畜牧技术推广总站,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2025年第6期1239-1258,共20页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：科技创新2030-重大专项(2023ZW0404802);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2023M741059);河南省科技攻关项目(242102111002)。

摘　　要：【目的】肌内脂质的组成与含量是影响风味和嫩度的重要因素,与牛肉品质紧密相关。通过比较南阳牛背最长肌与里脊组织脂质特征和基因表达模式,鉴定调控南阳牛不同肌肉组织脂质特征的潜在候选基因,为优质牛肉分子育种提供理论依据。【方法】选用生长环境和遗传背景相同的成年南阳牛背最长肌和里脊组织为试验材料,采用气相色谱质谱联用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)、液相色谱质谱联用(liquid chromatography mass spectrometry,LC-MS)与转录组测序技术(RNA sequencing,RNA-seq),构建肌肉组织的脂质图谱与基因表达谱,鉴定差异脂质分子(differential lipid molecules, DLMs)和差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes, DEGs),进行功能富集分析及蛋白质互作网络分析(protein-protein interaction network, PPI)筛选潜在候选基因,并采用实时荧光定量PCR技术(real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR)进行表达水平验证。【结果】在肌肉组织间共检测到19种脂肪酸,其中C18:0、C14:1n5和C16:1n7的含量在组织间存在显著差异。共检测到2 106种脂质分子,其中磷脂酰胆碱(phosphatidylcholine,PC)、甘油三酯(triacylglycerols,TG)和磷脂酰乙醇胺(phosphatidylethanolamine,PE)为主要成分。通过差异分析在肌肉组织间共筛选到39种DLMs和3 424个DEGs,经受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)分析鉴定到13种DLMs(如:DG(16:0_18:1)、DG(18:0_18:1)、DG(18:0_18:2))可作为组织间的潜在脂质生物标志物。PPI和MCODE分析获得3个与脂质代谢密切相关的核心基因模块,通路富集分析显示,DEGs与DLMs共同参与肌醇磷酸代谢、甘油酯代谢和甘油磷脂代谢通路。整合分析鉴定到19个调控脂质特征差异的潜在候选基因,其中7个基因(PLCG2、SYNJ1、LPIN1、DGKZ、DGAT1、LPL和SELENOI)居于通路中的关键位置,对DLMs具有直接调控作用。RT-qPCR结果显示6个脂质候选�【Objective】The composition and content of intramuscular lipids are important factors affecting flavor and tenderness beef,and are closely related to beef quality.In this study,by comparing the lipid characteristics and gene expression patterns of longissimus dorsi muscle and tenderloin tissue of Nanyang cattle,the potential candidate genes regulating lipid characteristics of different muscle tissues in Nanyang cattle were identified.【Method】The longissimus dorsi muscle and tenderloin tissues of adult Nanyang cattle with the same growth environment and genetic background were selected as experimental materials,and then the lipid profile and gene expression profile of muscle tissue were constructed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)and transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)to identify differential lipid molecules(DLMs)and differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between different tissues.Functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network(PPI)were performed to screen potential candidate genes,and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)was used to verify their expression levels.【Result】In this study,19 kinds of fatty acids were detected in muscle tissue,among which the content of C18:0,C14:1n5 and C16:1n7 were significantly different between tissues.A total of 2106 lipid molecules were detected,of which Phosphatidylcholine(PC),Triacylglycerols(TG)and Phosphatidylethanolamine(PE)were the main components.A total of 39 DLMs and 3,424 DEGs were screened between two muscle tissues by difference analysis.According to receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)analysis,13 DLMs(e.g.DG(16:0_18:1),DG(18:0_18:1),DG(18:0_18:2))could be used as potential lipid biomarkers between tissues.PPI and MCODE analysis obtained three core gene modules closely related to lipid metabolism.Pathway enrichment analysis showed that DEGs and DLMs were involved in Inositol phosphate metabolism,Glycerolipid metabolism and Glycerophospholipid metabolism.Integra

关 键 词：南阳牛 脂质生物标志物 脂质组 转录组 候选基因 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]