从机器隐喻到自组织范式:合成生物的本体论探赜  

From machine metaphor to self-organizing paradigm:exploring the ontology of synthetic organisms

作　　者：刘永安[1] LIU Yong’an(School of Taizhou,Nanjing Normal University,Taizhou 225300,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学泰州学院,江苏泰州225300

出　　处：《新兴科学和技术趋势》2024年第4期353-360,共8页

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(22YJAZH071)。

摘　　要：机器隐喻对合成生物做出了一种机器本体论的设定,机器本体论既不能揭示合成生物学的技术本质也不能充分反映合成生物在本体论上的新颖性。作为“技术自然化”的先锋代表,合成生物学的技术本质体现在对生物自组织能力的利用。合成生物技术展现出技术与自然的融合趋向,其造物合成生物兼具人工(机器)和自然(生物)的双重本体特征,合成生物在本体论上应被概念化为一种更具包容性的混合本体。混合本体论不仅为反思机器本体论的局限性提供了一种批判性的视角,同时也使我们能在新的维度上对合成生物学未来的技术潜力形成新的认识。The machine metaphor has set a machine ontology for synthetic organisms.However,the machine ontology can neither reveal the technical essence of synthetic biology nor fully reflect the ontological novelty of synthetic organisms.As a pioneer representative of“technology naturalized”,the technical essence of synthetic biology lies in its utilization of biological self-organizing capabilities.Synthetic biotechnology shows an integration of technology and nature.Its product,synthetic organisms,exhibits dual ontological characteristics,being both artificial(machine)and natural(biological).Ontologically,synthetic organisms should be conceptualized as a more inclusive hybrid ontology.This hybrid ontology not only provides a critical perspective of reflecting on the limitations of machine ontology,but also allows us to develop a new understanding of the future technological potential of synthetic biology from a novel dimension.

关 键 词：合成生物 机器隐喻 自组织 技术自然化 混合本体论 

分 类 号：B016[哲学宗教—哲学理论]