高密度城区内涝行人紧急疏散避难路径规划  

Emergency Evacuation and Refuge Route Planning for Pedestrians in High-density Urban Areas under Waterlogging Disasters

作　　者：范世玉 焦胜[1] 肖曼[1] 牛彦合 喻琰 尹靖雯 FAN Shiyu;JIAO Sheng;XIAO Man;NIU Yanhe;YU Yan;YIN Jingwen(School of Architecture and Planning,Hunan University,Changsha 410000,China;Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hunan University,Changsha 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学建筑与规划学院,湖南长沙410000 [2]湖南大学设计研究院有限公司,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《灾害学》2025年第2期228-234,共7页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于内涝风险影响机制的中部地区超大城市雨洪安全格局研究”(52278059)。

摘　　要：在城市经济繁荣和人口密集的高密度城区,预先规划暴雨内涝疏散路径显得尤为关键。针对当前高密度城区建筑密集和道路错综复杂的现状,该文结合“平急两用”理念,综合考虑人体在内涝疏散中的稳定性因素,提出一种耦合InfoWorks ICM模型、ArcGIS空间分析技术和Dijkstra算法的内涝步行疏散方法。以长沙市高密度城区为研究对象,提取识别出研究区内56个高风险住宅小区,其中26个需要居民转移到高层建筑以避难或等待救援,而另外30个住宅区的居民则可通过规划的疏散路径安全转移到避难所。这一框架不仅提高了疏散效率,也确保了疏散过程的安全性,可为未来高密度城区内涝疏散提供参考。In economically prosperous and densely populated urban areas,preemptively planning flood evacuation routes is critically important.Considering the high-density characteristics of urban areas with closely built structures and complex road networks,pedestrian flood evacuation method is proposed based on the“dual-purpose for emergency and routine use”concept.This approach integrates the InfoWorks ICM model,ArcGIS spatial analysis techniques,and the Dijkstra algorithm,with a focus on ensuring individual stability during flood evacuation.Using a high-density district in Changsha City as a case study,56 high-risk residential communities are identified.Among these,26 communities re⁃quire residents to relocate to high-rise buildings for shelter or to await rescue,while residents in the remaining 30 com⁃munities can be safely evacuated to designated shelters through pre-planned evacuation routes.This framework not only enhances evacuation efficiency but also ensures safety throughout the evacuation process,offering a valuable reference for flood evacuation planning in future high-density urban settings.

关 键 词：内涝 高密度城区 应急避难 步行疏散 

分 类 号：TV122.2[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] P915.5[天文地球—自然地理学]