“晋实继周”考论——兼议两则关于唐叔的象征叙事的含义  

A Study on the Statement tha“t Jin Truly Succeeds Zhou”——a Discussion on the Meaning of Two Symbolic Narratives about Tangshu

作　　者：俞宏伟 Yu Hongwei(Department of Philosophy,Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian,361005)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学哲学系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《地方文化研究》2024年第6期34-44,共11页Local Culture Research

摘　　要：《左传》《国语》中存在“今周室稍卑,晋实继之”一类言论,似包含着以晋取代周之含义。但这样的理解与当时的实际情况不合。其实,在周礼仍保有一定权威的春秋时期,晋国想要称霸就必须尊王。研究表明:“晋实继周”一类句子中的“继”,与“汉继周”一类说法中的“继”不同,其义更多是指“绍续”,而非“取代”。它其实更接近于《国语》中另一些材料提到的武王对于文王之“继”。从这一意义上说,周王室仍是天命所在。而当时存在的“一姓不再兴”观念,也决定了同为姬姓的晋国无法挑战周王室的正统性。另外,晋之辅周似乎在有关其始祖唐叔的两则故事中有所显现:“受桐叶”体现出晋是“蕃屏周室”的特殊诸侯;而“献嘉禾”则很可能意味着晋是受命之周的特殊辅助者。In the classics Zuo Zhuan(The Commentary of Zuo)and Guo Yu(The Discourses of the States),there is a statement that“Now the Zhou Dynasty is gradually declining,and Jin truly succeeds Zhou”which seemingly implies that the Jin Dynasty replaced the Zhou Dynasty.However,such an interpretation does not align with the facts of that time.During the Spring and Autumn Period when the Zhou rituals still held a certain authority,the State of Jin had to respect the king of Zhou in order to claim hegemony.Research indicates that the word“succeed”in sentences like“Jin truly succeeds Zhou”is different from that in phrases like“Han succeeds Zhou”,without the meaning of“replacing”.It is actually closer to the“succeed”mentioned in other materials in Guo Yu regarding King Wu’s succession to King Wen in the Zhou Dynasty.In this sense,the Zhou royal family remained the one chosen by the destiny.Moreover,the prevailing concept that“a surname does not rise again”determined that Jin,whose royal family had the same surname“Ji”(姬)with that of Zhou,could not challenge the legitimacy of Zhou.Additionally,Jin’s support for Zhou Dynasty seems to be reflected in two stories about its founding ancestor,Tang Shu:“receiving the gingko leaf”signifies that Jin was a special vassal state“defending the Zhou Dynasty”;while“offering the auspicious grain”shows that Jin was a special assistant appointed by the mandate of Zhou.

关 键 词：“晋实继周” 正统 尊王 唐叔 象征叙事 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学]