计及连锁故障传播路径的电力系统N-k多阶段双层优化及故障场景筛选模型  

N−k Multi-stage Bi-level Optimization and Fault Scenario Screening Model of Power System Considering Cascading Failure Propagation Path

作　　者：蔡晔 孙溶佐 王炜宇 曹一家[1] CAI Ye;SUN Rongzuo;WANG Weiyu;CAO Yijia(State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention&Reduction for Power Grid(Changsha University of Science and Technology),Changsha 410114,Hunan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]电网防灾减灾全国重点实验室(长沙理工大学),湖南省长沙市410114

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2025年第7期2540-2553,I0008,共15页PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHINESE SOCIETY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52277076);国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U1966207)。

摘　　要：当前电力系统通过经典N-k安全分析直接筛选危害最大的k重预想事故场景时,忽略了源发故障带来的故障动态传播过程,导致N-k安全分析结果偏保守。因此,该文重点刻画故障传播过程中系统拓扑规模与连接关系的变化,建立计及连锁故障传播路径的N-k多阶段双层优化及故障场景筛选模型;其中上层以负荷损失最大为目标,筛选k重源发故障及其故障传播路径,下层以负荷损失最小为目标,模拟调度中心调整发电机出力、负荷大小等抑制故障级联传播的过程。引入对偶变量将该双层模型转化为单层模型进行求解,然而,对偶变量的引入会产生非线性项,存在收敛速度慢的问题。所以,该文提出一种两阶段网络流算法,以得到对偶变量上下界从而消除引入的非线性项,同时缩小模型可行域,快速求解该文模型。仿真结果表明:所提方法能有效辨识高危N-k源发故障场景及多阶段故障传播路径且求解速度提升12倍。The current power system directly screens for the most hazardous k-level predicted accident scenarios through classical N-k security analysis,neglecting the dynamic propagation process of faults caused by source faults,leading to conservative N-k security analysis results.Therefore,this paper focuses on characterizing the changes in system topology scale and connection relationships during fault propagation,and establishes an N-k multi-stage bi-level and fault scenario screening model considering cascading failure propagation path.The upper layer aims at the maximum load loss,screening k-level source faults,and identifying its failure propagation paths.The lower layer,aiming at the minimum load loss,simulates the process of suppressing the cascading propagation of faults by adjusting generator output and load size.The dual variables are introduced to transform the bi-level model into a single-layer model as a solution.However,the multiplication of dual variables will produce nonlinear terms,resulting in slow convergence speed.Therefore,this paper proposes a two-stage network flow algorithm,which can obtain upper and lower bounds of the dual variables,thereby eliminating the nonlinear terms and reducing the model feasible region,and then solves the proposed model quickly.Finally,the simulation results verify that the method can effectively identify high-risk N-k source fault scenarios and multi-stage fault propagation paths,and the solving speed is increased by 12 times.

关 键 词：连锁故障 网络流模型 多阶段双层优化模型 对偶理论 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]