“由叙述的进到说明的”:早期民俗学者的学科意识及学术探索  

“From Narrative to Expository”:The Academic Awareness and Exploration of Early Folklorists

作　　者：李向振[1] Li Xiangzhen

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《文史哲》2025年第2期99-112,167,共15页Literature,History,and Philosophy

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“早期中国民俗学知识生产机制及其当代价值研究”(24BSH005)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：从学科建设来看,中国民俗学与民族学、社会学、人类学等学科差不多同时期设立,但在短短二三十年时间里,民俗学学科先后经历了两次沉浮并最终衰落下去,而其他学科则一路直上。早期民俗学没能像其他学科那样发育成比较完善的现代社会科学部门,主要原因在于早期民俗学学科研究领域和研究任务及目的没有形成共识,以致在很长时间里,它都以“资料之学”面目呈现。当然,不少早期从事民俗研究的学者已经注意到此问题,并进行了深刻的讨论。殊为可惜的是,受多种因素影响,这些讨论并未全部落实到学术实践中去。现在我们重新阅读前辈学者的相关思考,或许对于讨论当下民俗学学科建设及完善学术知识体系有所助益。The development of folklore studies in China has indeed been quite different from other branches of social science such as ethnology,sociology,and anthropology.In the early 20th century,those disciplines emerged almost simultaneously,but folklore studies experienced significant ups and downs,ultimately facing a decline.The main reason for this disparity is that early folklore studies lacked a consensus on research field,tasks,and purpose.As a result,it was often perceived as merely“learning of materials”for a long period.Many early scholars who were engaged in the study of folk customs recognized this issue and engaged in profound discussions.Unfortunately,most of these discussions did not translate into academic practice.Now,by reading the relevant thoughts of these predecessors,we may gain insights that could be helpful in discussing the current construction of the folklore discipline and the improvement of the academic system.

关 键 词：早期民俗学 学科意识 资料之学 知识生产 

分 类 号：K89[历史地理—民俗学]