金沙长琮的形制、刻符及隐含信息  

The Form,Engraved Symbols,and Implicit Information of Jinsha Long Bodied Jade Cong

作　　者：刘文强 姚佳 Liu Wenqiang;Yao Jia

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学巴蜀文化研究中心 [2]成都金沙遗址博物馆

出　　处：《艺术设计研究》2025年第1期80-87,138,139,共10页Art & Design Research

基　　金：成都市哲学社会科学规划项目“成都平原出土玉琮研究”(项目编号:2024BZ183)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：金沙长琮的形制、刻符等隐含着丰富的史前信息。一方面,金沙长琮是典型的良渚文化晚期高琮形制,此类多节长琮从良渚文化晚期开始,有着自太湖地区经海岱再至中原、后又辗转甘青、最终落脚成都平原的渐次单向分布轨迹,此条分布轨迹路线清晰、指向明确,完全不同于一支文化向四周延展的文化辐射,很可能是距今4300年左右开始的良渚先民及其部分后裔的迁徙路径之一;另一方面,金沙长琮的刻符由大汶口文化陶尊刻符演变而来,可能代表了大汶口文化的一支部族,而于典型良渚文化长琮之上刻画大汶口文化的族群标记,当代表了大汶口文化部族与良渚文化族群之间的联盟与合作。金沙长琮隐含的种种史前族群交流信息,对研究新石器时代末期考古学文化互动、西南地区史前文化及族群来源等均有着重要的意义。In 2001,a multi section long bodied jade Cong with special engraved symbols of the Late Liangzhu Culture was unearthed from the Jinsha Shang Zhou site in Chengdu.This jade Cong is the only Liangzhu culture multi section long bodied jade Cong unearthed in the Sichuan Basin so far,and it is also the only long bodied jade Cong with clear information about its unearthed location and the institution responsible for the excavation.The Jinsha Site is located on the Chengdu Plain in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,with an upper age limit of around 3000 years ago.Liangzhu Culture is located in the the Taihu Lake basin at the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,with the lower limit of 4300 years ago.So,How then did the multi-sectioned long Cong of the Liangzhu culture traverse a temporal and spatial distance of over 1,300 years and 2,000 kilometers to settle on the Chengdu Plain?And what does the special engraved symbols of Jinsha long bodied jade Cong represent?Therefore,this article summarizes the distribution trajectory of multi segmented long bodied jade Cong from the Liangzhu culture during the late Neolithic period to the Zhou Dynasty.An analysis was also conducted on the origin and evolution of the engraved symbols by Jinsha long bodied jade Cong.By studying the typology of archaeological materials,sorting out chronological relationships,analyzing the development and evolution of engraved symbols,and combining evidence from ethnology,technological archaeology,etc.,it can be found that,the form and engraved symbols of the Jinsha long bodied jade Cong contain rich prehistoric information.On the one hand,Jinsha long bodied jade Cong is a typical high body jade Cong in the late Liangzhu culture.This kind of multi-sectioned long bodied jade Cong started from the late Liangzhu engraved symbols,and has a gradual one-way distribution track from the the Taihu Lake area through Haidai to the Central Plains,then to Gansu and Qinghai,and finally to the Chengdu Plain.This distribution track has a clear route and clear dire

关 键 词：金沙长琮 刻符 良渚先民 大汶口先民 合作 迁徙 

分 类 号：J05[艺术—艺术理论]