人口老龄化、乡镇食物市场与农村居民膳食质量  

Population Aging,Township Food Markets,and the Dietary Quality of Rural Residents

作　　者：闵师 杨敏达 潘聪 赵龙强 MIN Shi;YANG Minda;PAN Cong;ZHAO Longqiang(College of Economics and Management,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学经济管理学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《食物经济与管理》2025年第1期44-55,共12页Food Economics and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“乡镇农贸市场对农村居民饮食消费与营养健康的影响机理与效果研究”(编号:72103072);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“乡村振兴战略背景下农村经济转型对农村居民食物消费与营养的影响研究”(编号:11041910122);国家社科基金重大项目“推动农业机械化智能化保障粮食安全的路径和机制”(编号:22&ZD084);“新形势下我国粮食安全战略问题研究”(编号:22&ZD079)。

摘　　要：在农村人口老龄化加速背景下,强化农村食物流通网络建设对改善农村居民膳食质量、缩小城乡营养鸿沟具有重要的现实意义。本文基于2022年吉林、山东、湖北三省1080个农户家庭食物消费调查数据,实证分析了人口老龄化与乡镇食物市场对农村居民膳食质量的影响机制。研究发现:第一,人口老龄化对农村居民膳食质量具有显著负向影响,而乡镇食物市场能够有效地促进农村居民膳食质量提升,同时缓解人口老龄化引致的膳食质量衰减效应;第二,供给充足性、空间可及性、经济可负担性与膳食营养信息获取是人口老龄化与乡镇食物市场影响农村居民膳食质量的重要机制;第三,人口老龄化与乡镇食物市场对农村居民膳食质量的影响因家庭饮食决策者性别、家庭宗族网络强弱、村庄人口规模、村庄是否有即时性餐饮场所而存在异质性。研究发现有助于理解农村居民膳食质量的关键影响因素,为完善人口老龄化应对政策体系和促进城乡食物市场一体化发展提供决策依据。Under the backdrop of the accelerating aging of the rural population,strengthening the construction of rural food circulation networks is of great practical significance for improving the dietary quality of rural residents and narrowing the urban-rural nutrition gap.Based on the food consumption survey data of 1080 rural households in Jilin,Shandong,and Hubei provinces in 2022,this paper empirically analyzes the impact of population aging and township food markets on the dietary quality of rural residents and its mechanisms.The study finds that:First,population aging has a significant negative impact on the dietary quality of rural residents,while township food markets can effectively promote the improvement of dietary quality of rural residents,thereby alleviating the dietary quality decline caused by population aging.Second,the perception of three types of food environment,namely supply sufficiency,spatial accessibility,and economic affordability,and the acquisition of dietary nutrition information constitute the important mechanisms through which population aging and township food markets affect the dietary quality of rural residents.Third,the impact of population aging and township food markets on the dietary quality of rural residents varies due to the gender of the dietary decision-maker,the strength of the family clan network,the size of the village population,and whether there are instant catering places in the village.The research findings help to understand the key factors affecting the dietary quality of rural residents and provide a basis for decision-making to improve the policy system for responding to aging and promoting the integration of urban and rural food markets.

关 键 词：膳食质量 人口老龄化 乡镇食物市场 农村居民 

分 类 号：F323.7[经济管理—产业经济] F323.89