特朗普政府“政府效率部”政策评析  

Trump Administration's Vision for Government Efficiency Department

作　　者：邢瑞利 Xing Ruili

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学马克思主义学院 [2]江苏高校国际战略与安全研究中心

出　　处：《现代国际关系》2025年第3期5-28,136,共25页

基　　金：2023年度国家社科基金青年项目“‘印太经济框架’下东南亚国家的战略选择及中国应对研究”(23CGJ040);2023年度江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“总体国家安全观视域下推进大中小学国家安全教育一体化研究”(2023SJZDSZ030)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：特朗普再度当选美国总统后提出设立“政府效率部”的构想,该构想的改革目标和实施思路主要包括三个方面:裁撤冗余政府部门及雇员,精简联邦政府机构;撤销不必要的监管法规,推动降低监管成本;削减联邦预算浪费性开支,提高资金使用效率。“政府效率部”构想服务于提升美国的国家竞争力和国际地位这一根本性战略目标,其提出动因既源于特朗普及其支持者对所谓“深层政府”的厌恶和敌视,也是为了回应美国国内民众对联邦政府的不满和改革诉求,同时与共和党奉行的传统理念以及特朗普本人的执政风格密不可分。“政府效率部”的建立及其政策对美国政治生态乃至国际秩序产生的影响是复杂的,在推进落实的过程中可能面临政治抵制、党派掣肘、法律争议、关系平衡等诸多挑战与阻碍。After returning to the White House, Trump's proposal to establish the Department ofGovernment Eficiency has attracted attention. This reform plan has strong historical continuityand reflects new changes. The reform goals and implementation ideas mainly include threeaspects: cutting redundant government departments and employees to streamline federalgovernment agencies;revoking unnecessary regulatory regulations to promote the reduction ofregulatory costs;and reducing wasteful spending in the federal budget to improve the efficiencyof fund utilization. The proposal of the Government Efficiency Department is not only due toTrump and his supporters' disgust and hostility towards the so-called "deep state," but also inresponse to the dissatisfaction of the domestic public with the federal government and theircall for reform. At the same time, it is closely related to the traditional ideas pursued by theRepublican Party and Trump's governing style. The concept of the Department of GovernmentEfficiency has a two-sided impact on the American political ecology and the international order.In the next step of promoting its implementation, it may face many challenges and obstaclessuch as political resistance, partisan constraints, legal disputes, and relationship balance.

关 键 词：政府效率部 特朗普政府 联邦政府 官僚主义 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]