全面抗战时期英美奖学金留学考试论略  

An Analytical Overview of the Scholarship Examination for Studying Abroad During the Period of the Chinese People's Full-scale War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression

作　　者：魏善玲[1] WEI Shaning(Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《中国考试》2025年第4期100-109,共10页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：2022年国家社科基金后期资助暨优秀博士论文项目“留学报国:抗战时期的出国留学与教育反哺研究”(22FJKB010)。

摘　　要：太平洋战争爆发后,国际形势趋向好转,国民政府为培植战后国家建设专才,开始放宽留学政策,并于1944年12月举行了全国性的英美奖学金留学考试。考试由教育部专门成立的留学生考选委员会负责,最终录取209名学生分赴英美留学。此次考选开创了奖学金留学全国统考的先例,进一步规范了留学考试制度,为国家培养了一批专才,对留学教育和国家未来发展均产生了积极影响。同时,此次全国统考对考试科目限制太多,致使地方各省丧失选派权,对人才的选拔与培养产生了不利影响,“统制”留学的局限性亦由此显现。Following the outbreak of the Pacific War,the international situation showed signs of improvement.To cultivate specialized professionals for postwar national reconstruction,the Nationalist government initiated a relaxation of overseas study policies and conducted a nationwide scholarship examination for studying abroad in December 1944.The examination was administered by the specially established International Student Examination Committee,which ultimately selected 209 students to study in the UK and the US.This examination established a precedent for nationally unified scholarship examinations,which standardized the examination system for overseas study and cultivated a cohort of specialized professionals,positively impacting both international education and national development.However,it is important to note that the examination imposed excessive restrictions on subject specifications and deprived the provincial selection authorities of selection rights,negatively affecting talent selection and cultivation.This situation highlights the limitations inherent in centralized control over overseas study programs.

关 键 词：抗日战争 奖学金 留学考试 考试史 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]