基于微卫星标记9个缢蛏群体的遗传多样性分析  

Analysis of genetic diversity in 9 populations of Sinonovacula constricta using microsatellite markers

作　　者：吴贵清 李瑞华 肖意豪 陈彦林 罗璇 刘相全 朱佳杰 吴雪萍 WU Guiqing;LI Ruihua;XIAO Yihao;CHEN Yanlin;LUO Xuan;LIU Xiangquan;ZHU Jiajie;WU Xueping(School of Marine Science and Biotechnology,Guangxi Minzu University,Nanning 530007,China;Guangxi Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Nanning 530016,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology(Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute),Yantai 264006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学海洋与生物技术学院,广西南宁530007 [2]广西壮族自治区水产技术推广站,广西南宁530016 [3]山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室(山东省海洋资源与环境研究院),山东烟台264006

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2025年第2期124-136,共13页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：广西民族大学引进人才启动基金(2017KJQD007);广西自然科学基金资助项目(2020GXNSFBA159010);2022年广西壮族自治区大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202210608162、S202210608163);2023年广西壮族自治区大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310608040)。

摘　　要：利用基于简化基因组测序(restriction site associated DNA sequencing,RAD-seq)技术开发了10对新的多态性微卫星引物,对辽宁丹东(DD)、河北秦皇岛(QHD)、辽宁庄河(ZH)、山东青岛(QD)、江苏连云港(LYG)、浙江宁波(NB)、福建厦门(XM)、广东惠州(HZ)和广西北海(BH)共9个缢蛏群体进行了遗传多样性分析,在270个缢蛏个体中共检测到了352个等位基因。平均等位基因数(N_(a),number of alleles)在3.2000~4.3000之间、平均有效等位基因数(N_(e),effective number of alleles)在1.8789~2.5433之间;观测杂合度(H_o,observed heterozygosity)范围为0.0000~0.9667、平均观测杂合度在0.3088~0.5533之间;期望杂合度(H_(e),expected heterozygosity)范围为0.0000~0.7945、平均期望杂合度在0.3456~0.5715之间;平均多态信息含量(PIC,polymorphic information content)在0.3373~0.5989之间。遗传多样性评估显示,9个缢蛏群体的遗传多样性水平属于中等。群体间的遗传分化系数(F_(st),genetic differentiation coefficient)在0.0547~0.3511之间,其中QHD和ZH群体之间的F_(st)值最低为0.0547,而LYG和BH群体之间的F_(st)值最高为0.3511。基因流(N_(m),gene flow)在0.4620至4.3204之间,其中QHD和ZH群体之间的N_(m)值最高为4.3204,而LYG和BH群体之间的N_(m)值最低为0.4620。分子方差分析(analysis of molecular variance,AMOVA)分析结果显示,群体间的遗传变异占总变异的33.04%(p<0.01),而群体内的遗传变异占总变异的66.96%(p<0.01),表明遗传变异不仅存在于个体间,也存在于群体间,但个体间的遗传变异大于群体间的遗传变异。非加权组平均法(unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means,UPGMA)、Structure软件的聚类结果以及主坐标分析(principal coordinate analysis,PCoA)结果一致。研究结果显示,9个缢蛏群体可分为3大支:第一支由QHD、ZH、QD、DD 4个群体组成;第二支由LYG、NB、XM、HZ 4个群体组成;第三支由BH群体独立成支。RAD-seq technology was utilized to develop 10 pairs of novel polymorphic microsatellite primers for assessing genetic diversity in nine populations of Sinonovacula constricta of Dandong in Liaoning (DD),Qinhuangdao in Hebei (QHD),Zhuanghe in Liaoning (ZH),Qindao in Shandong (QD),Lianyungang in Jiangsu (LYG),Ningbo in Zhejiang (NB),Xiamen in Fujian (XM),Huizhou in Guangdong (HZ),and Beihai in Guangxi (BH).In 270 individuals of S.constricta,a total of 352 alleles were detected.The average number of alleles (N_a) ranged from 3.2000 to 4.3000,with the average effective number of alleles (N_e) falling between1.8789 and 2.5433.Observed heterozygosity (H_o) varied from 0.0000 to 0.9667,with an average ranging from 0.3088 to 0.5533.Expected heterozygosity (H_e) spanned from 0.0000 to 0.7945,with an average of 0.3456 to 0.5715.The average polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.3373 to 0.5989.Genetic diversity analysis indicated a moderate level of genetic diversity across the nine populations of S.constricta.The genetic differentiation coefficient (F_(st)) among populations ranged from 0.0547 to 0.3511,with the lowest F_(st) value observed between QHD and ZH (0.0547) and the highest between LYG and BH (0.3511).Gene flow (N_m) values ranged from 0.4620 to 4.3204,with the highest N_(m) value recorded between QHD and QD (4.3204) and the lowest between LYG and BH (0.4620).AMOVA analysis revealed that 33.04%of the total genetic variation existed among populations (p<0.01),while 66.96%was within populations (p<0.01),indicating that the genetic variation was observed not only among individuals but also among populations.However,the variation among individuals was greater than that among populations.Consistent results were obtained from UPGMA clustering,Structure clustering,and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA).The study delineated three main groups among the nine populations:the first group comprised QHD,ZH,QD and DD populations;the second group included LYG,NB,XM,and HZ populations;and the third group was indepe

关 键 词：缢蛏 微卫星 遗传多样性 遗传分化 

分 类 号：P735.542[天文地球—海洋生物学]