苏联式大学校园主楼设计探寻——以南开大学主楼为例  

A Study on the Design of Soviet-Style Main Collegiate Buildings:A Case Study of the Main Building at Nankai University

作　　者：张小寒 高昊 吕博[1] 冯刚[1] ZHANG Xiaohan;GAO Hao;LYU Bo;FENG Gang

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院

出　　处：《建筑史学刊》2025年第1期124-136,共13页Journal of Architectural History

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于多目标优化的既有高校绿色化改造评价与设计方法研究-以京津冀地区为例”(52078325)。

摘　　要：新中国成立初期(1949—1966年)的高等校园的建设代表着新政权下的新气象,该时期规划的大学校园形态具有强烈的时代特点,在全面学苏的背景下,中国试图借鉴苏联的建设经验,通过院系调整奠定现代中国高等院校的雏形。这一时期诞生了以苏联式主楼为中心的校园规划模式,其建筑形式映射了该时期中国建筑界探索社会主义新形式的过程。文章通过历史图档研究,整理与分析两易其稿的南开大学主楼设计,以探寻这一时期苏联模式高校校园主楼的建筑形态、风格特点,并探讨其背后形成与发展的动因。During the early years of the People’s Republic of China between1949 and1966,university campuses exhibited distinctive characteristics reflective of the era.Against the backdrop of China’s comprehensive learning from the Soviet Union,there was a concerted effort to draw upon Soviet construction experience and lay the ground for socialist higher education institutions,achieved through the adjustment of academic disciplines.During this crucial period,the campus planning model emerged,centered around Soviet-style main buildings.The architectural forms of these structures mirrored the Chinese architectural community’s exploration of new socialist aesthetics.This article,through meticulous historical archival research and analyzes the two revised design drafts of the Nankai University main building.It aims to delve into the architectural forms and stylistic attributes of Soviet-style university main buildings during this era,while also examining the forces that drove their formation and evolution.

关 键 词：南开大学中心主楼 苏联大学模式 大学校园规划 

分 类 号：TU-098.9[建筑科学—建筑理论]