浅析张从正学术思想及治疗眼疾之法  

A Brief Analysis of ZHANG Congzheng's Academic Thought and Methods for Treating Eye Diseases

作　　者：纪华英 刘昳[1] JI Huaying;LIU Yi(Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210022,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学附属南京中医院,南京210022

出　　处：《中国中医眼科杂志》2025年第4期366-369,共4页China Journal of Chinese Ophthalmology

基　　金：江苏省科学技术计划项目(BE2023665)。

摘　　要：张从正是金元四大家之一,提出“病由邪生”,善用汗、吐、下三法治疗疾病,笔者通过研读其著作《儒门事亲》,发现其对眼疾的治疗也有独特的见解。张从正认为,眼疾的病因有经络不通、火热之邪作祟、血之太过与不及、情志过极等,以火邪为主;明确病因后,通过刺血、吐下等治疗方法“攻邪”,病虚亦用补法。其中,张从正根据血汗同源,将“出血”视为“发汗”,故其认为刺血法亦属汗法,表证、热证亦可使用刺络放血法,故在书中记录许多火热之邪导致的目疾采用刺血法治疗的案例,且疗效显著。本文将《儒门事亲》中关于眼疾的记载整理归纳,结合相关文献,浅析张从正治疗眼疾的学术思想与治法,学习其在熟知经典的基础上锐意进取、大胆创新,以更好地传承并发扬中医文化。ZHANG Congzheng,one of the four great physicians of the Jin and Yuan dynasties,proposed that"diseases arise from pathogenic factors"and was skilled in using the three methods of sweating,vomiting,and purgation to treat diseases.By studying his work Ru Men Shi Qin,the authors found that he also had unique insights into the treatment of eye diseases.ZHANG Congzheng believed that the causes of eye diseases included obstruction of meridians,invasion of pathogenic heat,excessive or insufficient blood,and extreme emotions,with pathogenic heat being the primary factor.After clarifying the causes,he used methods such as bloodletting and purgation to"eliminate pathogenic factors",and also employed tonification methods for deficiency conditions.Notably,ZHANG Congzheng regarded"bleeding"as a form of"sweating"based on the principle that blood and sweat share the same source,so he considered bloodletting as a sweating method.Both exterior syndromes and heat syndromes could be treated with bloodletting.Therefore,he documented many cases of eye diseases caused by pathogenic heat that were treated with bloodletting,with remarkable therapeutic effects.This article summarizes the records of eye diseases in Ru Men Shi Qin and analyzes ZHANG Congzheng's academic thoughts and treatment methods for eye diseases in combination with relevant literature,aiming to learn from his spirit of forging ahead and daring to innovate based on a thorough understanding of classics,in order to better inherit and promote Traditional Chinese Medicine culture.

关 键 词：张从正 刺络放血 眼科 儒门事亲 

分 类 号：R774.1[医药卫生—眼科] R276.7[医药卫生—临床医学]