中小学师资配给政策文本量化分析——基于政策工具视角  

Quantitative Analysis of Teacher Rationing Policy Texts in Primary and Secondary Schools—Based on the Policy Instrument Perspective

作　　者：刘文森 LIU Wensen(College of Teacher Education,South China Normal University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510631,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学教师教育学部,广东广州510631

出　　处：《教育参考》2025年第2期89-96,共8页Education Approach

基　　金：2022年度国家社会科学基金教育学重大项目“新时代高质量教师教育体系建设及师资供需配给研究”(项目编号:VFA220007)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：师资配给是实现基础教育公平优质的内生动力,直接关系到教育强国建设根基的牢固程度,因此需对政策有较为清晰的认识和理解。利用NVivo软件对选取的67份国家层面中小学师资配给政策文本进行分析发现:在政策工具维度,供给型政策工具与环境型政策工具使用充分,需求型政策工具使用不足;在配给举措维度,各类配给举措使用频次差距较大,总体呈现“倾斜下降,整体不均”的特征;在政策变迁维度,新世纪以来的师资配给政策相继经历了师资数量补充期、师资质量均衡期和师资优质均衡期三个阶段。此外,分析还发现,政策工具覆盖全面但不协调、配给举措重心有待转移调整、政策体系雏形初现但不健全等现存问题。为加快推进教育强国建设,需加强顶层设计,提升师资配给政策工具间的协调性;重构配给功能,助力教师队伍优质均衡化目标实现;丰富政策内容,促进师资配给政策体系的建立健全。Teacher rationing is an endogenous driving force for achieving fairness and quality in basic education.It is directly related to the solidity of the foundation for building a strong education nation,thus requiring a clearer knowledge and understanding of the policy.Since the new century,the teacher rationing policy has gone through three phases,namely,the period of teacher quantity supplementation,the period of teacher quality equalisation and the period of teacher quality equalisation.In addition,the analysis also found that the policy tools are comprehensive but uncoordinated,the focus of rationing initiatives needs to be shifted and adjusted,and the policy system is taking shape but is not sound,and other existing problems.In order to accelerate the construction of a strong education nation,it is necessary to strengthen the top-level design and enhance the coordination among the policy tools for teacher rationing;restructure the rationing function to help achieve the goal of a quality and balanced teaching force;and enrich the content of the policy to promote the establishment of a sound policy system for teacher rationing.

关 键 词：中小学 师资配给政策 文本分析 政策工具 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]