城市生态系统碳核算方法演进与应用分析  

Evolution and application analysis of carbon accounting methods in urban ecosystem

作　　者：李捷[1] 周娟 李沁原 李松枝 明志军 于雪婷 LI Jie;ZHOU Juan;LI Qinyuan;LI Songzhi;MING Zhijun;YU Xueting(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology;College of Architecture and Planning,Qingdao University of Technology)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院 [2]青岛理工大学建筑与城乡规划学院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2025年第2期474-485,共12页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：山东省住房和城乡建设厅研究开发项目(2022-k2-2);青海省重点研发与转化项目(2024-SF-143)。

摘　　要：为了城市碳达峰方案的实行和绿色低碳发展,亟须在城市层面上建立精准的碳核算方法,以提供必要的理论依据。采用文献计量的方法,对Web of Science核心合集中近10年发布的城市碳核算相关文献进行可视化分析。通过梳理城市碳核算的研究热点,提取了常用及新兴的碳核算方法,并构建了时间图谱以探究城市碳核算的发展脉络。由此总结了土地利用类型法、投入产出法、生命周期评价法、排放源核算、模型法5种主流的城市碳核算方法,并进一步分析各种方法的优缺点和可行性。除了生命周期评价法外,其余方法均可直接应用于城市碳核算。此外,针对性地指出了城市碳核算发展过程中面临的主要问题,包括核算的不完整性、清单数据的准确性不足、对模型驱动因素间联系性的忽视,以及在小尺度城市研究方面的缺失。研究发现,单一的城市碳核算方法难以全面准确地计算城市碳排放量。因此,综合运用多种核算方法,并结合遥感、智能平台等新技术,有助于提升城市碳核算的精确度,为城市碳核算的未来发展指明新的研究方向。To realize the objectives of urban carbon peak strategies and to foster green,low-carbon development,there is an urgent need to develop precise carbon accounting methodologies at the city level,providing the necessary theoretical foundation.Through a bibliometric approach,we visually analyzed urban carbon accounting literature from the Web of Science core collection spanning the past ten years.By examining the research hotspots in urban carbon accounting,we extracted commonly used and emerging accounting methods and constructed a timeline to explore the development trajectory of urban carbon accounting.This synthesis culminated in the delineation of five predominant urban carbon accounting methods:the land-use type approach,the input-output method,life cycle assessment,emission source accounting,and model-based techniques.We further analyzed the strengths,weaknesses,and feasibility of each method.It is noteworthy that,except for the life cycle assessment,all other methods can be directly applied to urban carbon accounting.The study also pinpointed key challenges in the advancement of urban carbon accounting,including the incompleteness of accounting,the lack of precision in inventory data,the negligence of interconnections between model-driven factors,and the paucity of research on smaller urban scales.The findings reveal that a single urban carbon accounting method is inadequate for accurately calculating a city's carbon emissions.Consequently,adopting a multifaceted approach that integrates various accounting methods and leverages innovative technologies such as remote sensing and intelligent platforms will significantly enhance the accuracy of urban carbon accounting.This integration also charts a new course for future research in the field.

关 键 词：城市碳核算 文献计量 可视化分析 碳核算方法 趋势 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]