利用海藻肥缓解植物水分胁迫研究进展  

Research advances in using seaweed fertilizers to mitigate plant water stress

作　　者：郭文靖 严腾宇 王宗抗 曾楠 姜玥璐 GUO Wenjing;YAN Tengyu;WANG Zongkang;ZENG Nan;JIANG Yuelu(Institute for Ocean Engineering,Shenzhen International Graduate School,Tsinghua University/Technology Innovation Center for Marine Ecology and Human Factor Assessment of Natural Resources Ministry/Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Marine Ecology,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China;Shenzhen Batian Ecological Engineering Co.,Ld,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China;Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering,Shenzhen International Graduate School,Tsinghua University,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学深圳国际研究生院海洋工程研究院/自然资源部海洋生态与人因测评技术创新中心/深圳市海洋生态前沿技术重点实验室,广东深圳518055 [2]深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司,广东深圳518055 [3]清华大学深圳国际研究生院生物医药与健康工程研究院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2025年第3期950-968,共19页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：清华大学深圳国际研究生院交叉基金项目(JC2021002);深圳市科技创新委员会稳定支持基金项目(WDZC20200818183253001);深圳市海洋生态前沿技术重点实验室项目(ZDSYS20230626091459009)资助。

摘　　要：水分胁迫对全球农业的影响广泛且深远,植物在水分胁迫逆境容易表现出生长受阻、产量下降以及品质降低等负面效应。在这一挑战下,海藻肥的应用应运而生。海藻肥富含多糖、蛋白质、脂质、植物激素、矿物质等多种生物活性成分,其在水分保持和营养素提供上展现出了极大的潜力。本文系统综述了利用海藻肥缓解植物水分胁迫的最新研究进展,重点梳理了海藻肥增强植物抗逆性的多种可能机制。海藻肥能够显著改善植物的生长性能和产量、促进植物根系生长和养分吸收、改善土壤环境以及增强植物抗逆性等。本文还对海藻肥在实际农业应用中面临的挑战和未来发展方向进行了展望,以期为全球农业的可持续目标和健康发展提供备选方案。Water stress has a profound and widespread impacts on agriculture globally,leading to slower plant growth,lower yields,and poorer quality.To meet this challenge,the application of seaweed fertilizer came into being.Seaweed fertilizer is rich in polysaccharides,proteins,lipids,plant hormones,minerals,and various other bioactive components,with great potential in water retention and nutrient provision.We systematically summarized the latest research progress on the role of seaweed fertilizers in mitigating water stress,with a focus on elucidating the mechanisms by which seaweed fertilizer enhances stress tolerance of plants.It significantly improves plant growth and yield,promotes root growth and nutrient uptake,ameliorates soil conditions,and enhances plant resis-tance to stress.Additionally,we put forward the challenges associated with the practical application of seaweed fertilizers in agriculture and the future research directions,aiming to provide alternative solutions for the sustainable goals and healthy development of global agriculture.

关 键 词：海藻肥 水分胁迫 抗逆性 植物生理 缓解机制 可持续农业 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]