复合微生物菌肥和微生物菌剂施用对马铃薯原原种生产的影响  

Effects of Compound Microbial Fertilizers and Microbial Agents Application on Potato Pre-elite Seed Production

作　　者：李永成 杨涛[2] 杜宏辉 张红霞 LI Yongcheng;YANG Tao;DU Honghui;ZHANG Hongxia(Weiyuan Wuzhu Potato Seed Propagation Professional Cooperative,Weiyuan,Gansu 748200,China;Institute of Biology,Gansu Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;Gansu Tiandi Botong Potato Industry Co.,Ltd.,Weiyuan,Gansu 748200,China;People's Government of Qingyuan Town,Weiyuan County,Weiyuan,Gansu 748200,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省渭源县五竹马铃薯良种繁育专业合作社,甘肃渭源748200 [2]甘肃省科学院生物研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [3]甘肃田地博通薯业有限责任公司,甘肃渭源748200 [4]渭源县清源镇人民政府,甘肃渭源748200

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2024年第4期347-353,共7页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：甘肃省科技创新引导计划科技特派员专项(22CX8NJ169,23CXNJ0015);知识产权计划-知识产权运用项目(227S09037);2023年度渭源县强科技均衡性转移支付资金支撑“四群八链”产业项目(202312);2023年渭源县马铃薯产业集群项目种薯贮藏库建设;2023年渭源县马铃薯良种制种大县奖补项目。

摘　　要：原原种是马铃薯种薯繁育过程中的关键环节,为提高合格原原种产量,在马铃薯原原种生产连栋温室中,采用比较试验的方法,将不同用量的复合微生物菌肥混拌到蛭石基质中,用固定用量的微生物菌剂进行叶面喷施,统计移栽脱毒组培苗的株高、茎粗、叶数、原原种总产量、≥2 g原原种产量。结果表明:常规施肥+复合微生物菌肥3001.5 kg/hm^(2)+微生物菌剂HB 7.5 L/hm^(2)+微生物菌剂BX 7.5 L/hm^(2)的组合有利于移栽马铃薯脱毒组培苗生长,常规施肥+复合微生物菌肥1001.5 kg/hm^(2)+微生物菌剂HB 7.5 L/hm^(2)+微生物菌剂BX 7.5 L/hm^(2)的组合有利于提高马铃薯原原种总产量和≥2 g原原种产量。从≥2 g原原种产量和原原种产出与微生物菌肥菌剂投入比两方面综合分析,常规施肥和施用微生物菌剂HB 7.5 L/hm^(2)+微生物菌剂BX 7.5 L/hm^(2)条件下,复合微生物菌肥在马铃薯原原种生产中的最佳施用量为1001.5 kg/hm^(2)。Pre-elite seed is the key link in the process of seed potato production.In order to increase the production of qualified pre-elite seeds,comparative experiments were conducted in a multi-span greenhouse for potato pre-elite seed production.Different amounts of compound microbial fertilizers were mixed into vermiculite matrix,and a specified amount of microbial agent was sprayed on the leaves.The plant height,stem diameter,number of leaves,pre-elite seed yield in total,and number of production of pre-elite seed≥2 g of transplanted virus-free plantlets in vitro were recorded.The results showed that the combination of conventional fertilization plus compound microbial fertilizer 3001.5 kg/hm^(2),and microbial agent HB 7.5 L/hm^(2) and microbial agent BX 7.5 L/hm^(2) was beneficial for the growth of transplanted virus-free plantlets in vitro.The combination of conventional fertilization plus compound microbial fertilizer 1001.5 kg/hm^(2),and microbial agent HB 7.5 L/hm^(2) and microbial agent BX 7.5 L/hm^(2) was beneficial for increasing the yield of potato pre-elite seeds and number of qualified pre-elite seed≥2 g.Based on a comprehensive analysis of the yield of qualified pre-elite seed≥2 g and the ratio of output of pre-elite seed to the input of microbial fertilizers and agents,under the conditions of conventional fertilization and application of microbial agents HB 7.5 L/hm^(2) and BX 7.5 L/hm^(2),the optimal application rate of compound microbial fertilizers in the production of potato pre-elite seed was 1001.5 kg/hm^(2).

关 键 词：马铃薯 复合微生物菌肥 繁育 原原种 

分 类 号：S144[农业科学—肥料学] S532[农业科学—农业基础科学]