不同砧木‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄幼树对盐与低温复合胁迫的生理响应  

Physiological Response of Shine Muscat Grape Seedlings Grafted with Different Rootstocks to Combined Stress of Salt and Low Temperature

作　　者：邢志淦 雷向朝 王浩臣 冯铭鑫 李靖雯 刘羽佳 房玉林[1] 孟江飞[1,2] XING Zhigan;LEI Xiangzhao;WANG Haochen;FENG Mingxin;LI Jingwen;LIU Yujia;FANGYulin;MENG Jiangfei(College of Enology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Shaanxi Engineering Research for Viti-Viniculture,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省葡萄与葡萄酒工程研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《园艺学报》2025年第3期693-704,共12页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32371924和32260727);西安市科技计划项目(23NYGG0028);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2021BBF03005);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资助(CARS–29)。

摘　　要：以1年生‘阳光玫瑰’的5BB、抗砧3号、SO4和101-14砧木嫁接苗为材料进行低温与盐复合胁迫耐受性研究。结果表明,盐胁迫下,与自根苗相比,4种砧木嫁接苗均能不同程度地降低丙二醛(MDA)含量和相对电导率水平,增加脯氨酸、可溶性糖(101-14除外)和可溶性蛋白等渗透调节物质含量,提高POD抗氧化酶活性,其中SO4嫁接苗对盐胁迫的耐受性表现最好。低温胁迫下,嫁接苗与自根苗的各项生理生化指标变化趋势与盐胁迫下相似,但变化幅度不同,5BB嫁接苗表现出更强的低温耐受性。盐与低温复合胁迫下,SO4嫁接苗的MDA含量显著低于其他砧木嫁接苗,受害程度最轻,3种有机渗透调节物质可溶性蛋白、可溶性总糖和游离脯氨酸含量显著高于盐和低温单一胁迫处理,CAT和POD活性也显著升高。隶属函数综合评价,SO4嫁接的‘阳光玫瑰’在盐与低温复合胁迫下抗性最强,更适宜进一步推广使用,砧木5BB更适合在低温冷害环境中使用。‘Shine Muscat’grape was grafted onto‘5BB’‘Kangzhen 3’‘SO4’and‘101-14’rootstocks to investigate their tolerance.The results showed that the grafted seedlings could reduce the content of MDA and relative electrical conductivity,increase the content of osmoregulatory substances(including proline,soluble sugars,and soluble proteins),and improve the antioxidant enzymes activity and photosynthetic capacity at varying degrees under salt stress compared to self rooted seedlings,among them,‘Shine Muscat/SO4’showed the best tolerance to salt stress.In addition,under low temperature stress,the changes in various physiological and biochemical indicators of grafted and self rooted seedlings are similar to those under salt stress,but the amount and degree of change was different obviously.‘Shine Muscat/5BB’exhibit stronger low temperature tolerance.Under combined stress of salt and low temperature,the MDA content of‘Shine Muscat/SO4’was significantly lower than that of other rootstock grafted seedlings and showed the least damage symptoms,while the content of soluble proteins,total soluble sugars and free proline was significantly higher than that of individual salt and low temperature stress treatment,the same as the stimulative activities of CAT and POD.Overall,comprehensive comparative analysis indicated the‘Shine Muscat’grafted onto‘SO4’has the strongest resistance to the combined salt and low temperature stress,and is most suitable for further promotion and utilization,while‘5BB’is more suitable for improving the cold resistance of grapevines.

关 键 词：葡萄 砧木 盐 低温 抗逆性 生理响应 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]