迁徙与融合:伊朗萨法维王朝格鲁吉亚移民问题初探  

Migration and Integration:An Initial Exploration of the Issue of Georgian Immigrants in Safavid Iran

作　　者：李福泉[1] 金之渊 Li Fuquan;Jin Zhiyuan

机构地区：[1]西北大学中东研究所

出　　处：《全球史评论》2024年第2期73-94,311-312,共24页Global History Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中东现代民族和国家构建的多维比较研究(多卷本)”(20&ZD240)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：1501年萨法维王朝建立后,对格鲁吉亚地区多次用兵,将大量格鲁吉亚人迁徙至帝国腹地。萨法维统治者主动吸纳格鲁吉亚移民进入王朝军队,并委以军政要职,有效增强了君主权威,巩固了萨法维王朝的统治。16世纪后,格鲁吉亚移民日益深度融入伊朗社会,逐步发展为萨法维王朝统治阶层的重要组成部分,对于王朝军政体系的运转具有关键作用。受萨法维君主优待政策的影响,加之格鲁吉亚基督教缺乏严格的宗教管理体制,格鲁吉亚移民的主导身份认同一方面转换为伊朗国家认同,但另一方面依然部分保留了旧有的基督教与家族认同,呈现出多元化的形态。格鲁吉亚移民在萨法维王朝时期扮演了重要的角色,对于近代早期伊朗多民族统一国家的构建具有典型意义。After the establishment of the Safavid dynasty in 1501,it used military force on Georgia region many times and moved a large number of Geor-gians to the heartland of the empire.The Safavid rulers actively incorporated Geor-gian immigrants into the royal army,appointing them to military and political posi-tions,which effectively enhanced the monarch's authority and consolidated the Safavid dynasty's rule.After the 16th century,Georgian immigrants increasingly integrated deeply into Iranian society,gradually evolving into a crucial component of the ruling class of the Safavid dynasty.They played a key role in the functioning of the dynasty's military and political systems.Influenced by the preferential poli-cies of the Safavid monarchs and the lack of a strict religious management system for Georgian Christianity,the dominant identity of Georgian immigrants gradually shifted to Iranian national identity,but at the same time they still partially retained their old Christianand family identities,presenting a diverse form.Georgian im-migrants played a significant role during the Safavid dynasty,holding particular significance in the formation of a multi-ethnic unified state in early modern Iran.

关 键 词：伊朗史 萨法维王朝 格鲁吉亚移民 身份认同 阿巴斯一世 

分 类 号：D836.7[政治法律—政治学] D837.3[政治法律—外交学] K373.33[历史地理—历史学]