哈拉维的“赛博格书写”与意识形态批判  

Haraway,s“Cyborg Writing”and Ideological Criticism

作　　者：李国栋[1] Guodong LI(Southwest University)

机构地区：[1]西南大学文学院

出　　处：《马克思主义美学研究》2024年第2期218-234,402,共18页Research on Marxist Aesthetics

基　　金：中国文学艺术基金会、中国文学艺术发展专项基金资助;教育部人文社会科学研究项目“后人类视域下赛博格的主体性问题研究”(23YJCZH100)阶段性成果

摘　　要：哈拉维将“赛博格”征用为一个隐喻性概念,开创了“赛博格书写”的范式,抨击了以里根政府为代表的右翼政治思想。《赛博格宣言》对西方二元论意识形态展开了批判,解构了三种典型的二元论边界,触及了西方政治不平等的深层根源。由二元论所建构的“女性”范畴也因此被解构,处于无尽差异中的女性也就被视作赛博格。当今女性处于相似的经济学与信息论环境中,赛博格因而可以被想象为一种集体性身份,具有走向联合和革命的潜能。但由于偏重语言反叛、制造神话魅惑、概念意指混乱和西方中心主义等问题,哈拉维的赛博格理论也具有明显的局限性,缺乏宣言式的政治效力,未实现后殖民主义的解构承诺。Haraway appropriated“Cyborg”as a metaphorical concept,created the paradigm of“Cyborg writing”,and attacked the right⁃wing political thought represented by the Reagan administration.Cyborg Manifesto criticized the western dualism ideology,deconstructed three typical dualistic boundary division,and touched the deep root of western political inequality.Thus,the“women”category constructed by dualism is also deconstructed,and women in endless differences are regarded as Cyborgs.Women today are in a similar environment of eco⁃nomics and information theory,so the Cyborg can be imagined as a collective identity,with the potential for unity and revolution.However,due to its emphasis on language rebellion,creation of mythological charm,confusion of conceptual signification and West⁃centralism,Haraway's theory has obvious limitations that lack of declarative political effectiveness,and the promise of post⁃colonial deconstruction has not been fulfilled.

关 键 词：哈拉维 赛博格 意识形态 二元论 女性主义 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]