紫禁城文武建筑布局与文德光华  

The Symmetrical Architecture in the Forbidden City and the Magnificence of Moral Cultivation

作　　者：王子林[1] Wang Zilin

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院研究室

出　　处：《故宫学刊》2023年第2期30-46,共17页Journal of Gugong Studies

摘　　要：中国古代建筑讲究技术与文脉的传承,紫禁城处处体现了这一点,而且是集大成者。宏大的紫禁城除了靠礼制来支撑外,精神的支撑尤为重要。宋代理学为天地立了一颗仁心,明代则为北京城立了一颗仁心。“割文武而制异”,明代北京城被中轴分为东西两半,以东属文,以西属武,建筑即按此分布。本文立足紫禁城的文武建筑布局特点及文武本质,探索建筑背后的思想渊源,发现它是古代道统核心精神的体现。通过阐释文武之道、仁义之道、阴阳之道与设置文武二楼的关系,揭示紫禁城背后的文脉传承及“重其文德之光华”的深远影响力。Ancient Chinese architecture attaches great importance to the inheritance of technology and culture.This is fully materialized through the Forbidden City,which represents the pinnacle of architectural achievements.In addition to rites and rituals,the externalization of the cultural spirit is exceptionally significant.The Song-dynasty(960-1279)Confucianist Learning of Principle(lixue)establishes the idea of benevolence,while the Ming Dynasty realized it for Beijing."Dividing the civil and the martial for institutional differentiation",Beijing in the Ming period is divided into east and west halves by a central axis,with the east featuring the civil,the west the martial,and the architectural layout planned accordingly.Based on the characteristics of the symmetrical architectural layout of the Forbidden City and the essence of their civil and martial features,this article explores the potential ideological source behind the architecture design and finds that it embodies the core spirit of the orthodox transmission of the Confucian way(daotong).By interpreting the civil-martial way,the benevolent-righteous way,the Yin-Yang way,and the correspondence between the civil and martial pavilions,it reveals the cultural context carried by the Forbidden City and the profound influence of"highlighting the magnificence of its moral cultivation".

关 键 词：紫禁城 文楼 武楼 道统 文德 

分 类 号：TU-86[艺术—艺术设计]