以文为戏:《毛颖传》的经典化历程  

Literature as Play:The Canonization of“The Biography of Mao Ying”

作　　者：陈蕊 Chen Rui

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中文系

出　　处：《古代文学理论研究》2024年第2期186-214,共29页Studies of Ancient Chinese Literary Theory

摘　　要：《毛颖传》是韩愈的一篇俳谐奇文,面世之初饱受非议,却逐渐取得了文学经典的地位,其经典化过程值得进行历史而辩证的还原。《毛颖传》本身的内在美质是其成为经典的基础。中唐至五代时期,《毛颖传》的游戏性与中正严肃的文学观相冲突,遭到了近乎压倒的贬斥。宋元时期是重要的转折点,因为古文运动的深入、韩愈地位的提高、谐谑之风的盛行,《毛颖传》逐渐升格,基本取得了经典的地位。文坛的复古潮流和时代的好俗趣味,推动《毛颖传》在明代完全成为一篇文学经典。清代出现了一股反经典的逆流,但不足撼动其经典地位。《毛颖传》的影响还远播朝鲜和日本,在东亚汉文学中焕发出别样的生命力。“The Biography of Mao Ying”is a peculiar humorous masterpiece by Han Yu.Though widely criticized at first,it gradually obtained the status of literary canon.To reconstruct its canonization process historically,various perspectives should be included.The comedic core of“The Biography of Mao Ying”is parody.Its own literary quality is the foundation of canonization.From mid-Tang to the Five Dynasties,its playfulness and absurdity conflicted with the then serious and solemn literary view,thus it was overwhelmingly condemned.The Song and Yuan Dynasties were a crucial turning point,with the further development of The Ancient Prose Movement,the ascendance of Han Yu and the trend of humorous literature,“The Biography of Mao Ying”basically obtained the status of literary canon.Due to the trend of classicism and rather vulgar literary taste,it completely became a literary canon in the Ming Dynasty,and its prestigious status persisted in the Qing Dynasty.A trend of de-canonization also emerged in the Qing Dynasty,but it was insufficient to shake its canonical status.It's worth noting that“The Biography of Mao Ying”extended its influence into Korea and Japan as well.

关 键 词：《毛颖传》 经典化 假传 俳谐文 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]