《癌症统计数据2025》解读:中美癌症流行病学特征及长期趋势对比研究  

Interpretation of"Cancer statistics,2025":A comparative study on cancer epidemiological characteristics and long-term trends between China and the United States

作　　者：徐睿锋 王泓睿 车云 任娜 张国超 赵亮[1] XU Ruifeng;WANG Hongrui;CHE Yun;REN Na;ZHANG Guochao;ZHAO Liang(Department of Thoracic Surgery,National Cancer Center,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing,100021,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]国家癌症中心,国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心,中国医学科学院肿瘤医院胸外科,北京100021

出　　处：《中国胸心血管外科临床杂志》2025年第4期442-452,共11页Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项基金(2024-2-4027);中国医学科学院临床与转化医学研究专项基金(2022-I2M-C&T-B-055);北京市自然科学基金(7232134);国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2407404);国家高水平医院临床研究基金(2022-PUMCH-C-043);中国医学科学院医学创新工程项目(2021-1-I2M-012);中国癌症基金会北京希望马拉松专项基金(LC2021L01,LC2021A02);北京市科学技术委员会基金(Z211100002921058)。

摘　　要：2025年,美国癌症协会依据中央癌症登记处收集的发病率数据(至2021年)和美国国家健康统计中心收集的死亡率数据(至2022年)发布了《Cancer statistics,2025》,对2025年的癌症数据进行了预测。中国国家癌症中心基于全国22家癌症登记中心收集的连续数据进行分析,在2024年12月发布了《Cancer incidence and mortality in China,2022》。本文对比分析了同时期中美两国在癌症发病和死亡情况、性别和年龄别癌症分布以及长期趋势变化等方面的差异。长期趋势显示,中国肺癌、肝癌死亡率因控烟和乙肝疫苗接种有所下降,但胃癌、食管癌负担仍重;美国结直肠癌、肺癌死亡率因筛查普及、免疫治疗技术进步等原因持续降低。随着经济的增长和社会的发展,中国的癌症构成模式逐渐向高人类发展指数国家的模式转变,但上消化道肿瘤防治仍需加强。In 2025,the American Cancer Society published"Cancer statistics,2025",which projected cancer data for the upcoming year based on incidence data collected by central cancer registries(through 2021)and mortality data obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics(through 2022).Similarly,the National Cancer Center of China released"Cancer incidence and mortality in China,2022"in December 2024,analyzing data from 22 cancer registries across the country.This study provides a comparative analysis of cancer incidence and mortality trends in China and the United States during the same period,with a focus on sex-and age-specific distributions and long-term changes in cancer patterns.Long-term trends indicate that lung and liver cancer mortality rates in China have declined,primarily due to tobacco control measures and hepatitis B vaccination programs.However,the burden of gastric and esophageal cancers remains substantial.In the United States,mortality rates for colorectal and lung cancers have continued to decline,largely attributed to widespread screening programs and advances in immunotherapy.As economic growth and social development,China’s cancer profile is gradually shifting towards patterns observed in countries with high human development index.However,the prevention and control of upper gastrointestinal cancers remains a critical public health challenge that requires further attention.

关 键 词：癌症统计数据 癌症负担 长期趋势 中美对比 

分 类 号：R73-31[医药卫生—肿瘤]