2022—2023年北京市中小学生情绪性进食现状分析  

Current status of emotional eating among primary and secondary school students in Beijing,2022-2023

作　　者：何海蓉 段佳丽[1] 郭丹丹[1] 喻颖杰[1] HE Hairong;DUAN Jiali;GUO Dandan;YU Yingjie(Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,100013

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2025年第1期29-33,共5页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的本研究旨在分析北京市中小学生情绪性进食现状。方法利用2022年10月—2023年5月在北京市16区中小学校开展的营养素养调查数据,调查中采用汉化版儿童饮食行为问卷收集情绪性饮食减少(EUE)和情绪性过度饮食(EOE)两个维度相关的信息,采用Likert五级量表,分别赋分0~4分,均为正向评分。子量表题目得分相加即为相应维度总分。采用Mann-whitney U检验和Kruskal-Wallis H检验统计不同组间得分差异。结果共调查15166名中小学生,平均年龄为(12.9±2.9)岁,男生和女生分别为7539名(49.7%)和7627名(50.3%),平均年龄均为(12.9±2.9)岁。中小学生情绪性饮食减少得分M(P_(25),P_(75))为7(4,9)分,男生和女生得分均为7(4,9)分;情绪性过度饮食得分M(P_(25),P_(75))为4(1,6)分,男生为4(1,7)分,女生为4(1,6)分。男生EOE得分高于女生(Z=-6.679),而EUE得分低于女生(Z=-3.322),城区学生EUE和EOE得分均高于郊区学生(Z_(EUE)=-4.257,Z_(EOE)=-3.909),差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。不同学段间EUE和EOE评分的分布不完全相同,两两比较结果显示不同学段间差异均有统计学意义(HEUE=462.616,HEOE=663.305,P均<0.001)。结论北京市中小学生情绪性进食特征明显,城区学生和高年级学生更易出现情绪性进食,男生更易出现情绪性过度饮食,女生则更易出现情绪性饮食减少。Objective To analyze the current status of emotional eating among primary and secondary school students in Beijing.Methods Data were from a nutrition literacy survey conducted in primary and secondary schools across all 16districts of Beijing from October 2022 to May 2023.Information on Emotional Under-eating(EUE)and Emotional Over-eating(EOE)were collected using the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire(CEBQ).A Likert five-point scale was employed with scores ranging from 0 to 4 for each item(all positively scored).The total scores for each dimension were obtained by summing up the scores of the sub-scale items.Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to statistically compare score differences between different groups.Results A total of 15166 participants were surveyed,including 7539 males(49.7%)and 7627 females(50.3%).The average age of the participants was(12.9±2.9)years old,with a mean age of(12.9±2.9)years old for both boys and girls.The median(P_(25),P_(75))score for EUE was 7(4,9),with both boys and girls having the same score of 7(4,9).For EOE,the median(P_(25),P_(75))score was 4(1,6),specifically,boys scored 4(1,7)and girls scored 4(1,6).Boys had higher EOE scores but lower EUE scores than girls(Z_(EOE)=-6.679,Z_(EUE)=-3.322,all P<0.001).Urban area students scored higher in both EUE and EOE compared to suburban area students,with significant statistical differences(Z_(EUE)=-4.257,Z_(BOE)=-3.909,P<0.001).The distribution of EUE and EOE scores across different educational stages were not entirely the same,the differences between all educational stages were statistically significant(H_(EUE)=462.616,H_(EOE)=663.305,P<0.001).Conclusions Emotional eating patterns are prevalent among primary and secondary school students in Beijing,with urban areas and higher-grade students showing greater susceptibility.Boys were more prone to emotional over-eating,whereas girls exhibited higher tendencies toward emotional under-eating.

关 键 词：中小学生 心理健康 情绪性进食 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]