齿根疲劳裂纹扩展特性及其对啮合刚度的影响  

Root fatigue crack propagation characteristics and its effect on mesh stiffness

作　　者：王志远 张坤 邵广军 师陆冰 王东飞 余飞鹏 WANG Zhiyuan;ZHANG Kun;SHAO Guangjun;SHI Lubing;WANG Dongfei;YU Feipeng(ZRIME Gearing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450001,China;China Academy of Machinery Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑机所(郑州)传动科技有限公司,郑州450001 [2]中国机械总院集团郑州机械研究所有限公司,郑州450001

出　　处：《机械传动》2025年第4期30-36,47,共8页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFB3408004)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于线弹性断裂力学理论和动力学仿真,提出了一种模拟齿根疲劳裂纹扩展和计算含齿根裂纹齿轮啮合刚度的模型,以研究直齿圆柱齿轮齿根裂纹扩展特性及其对啮合刚度的影响。【方法】首先,通过齿轮动态啮合过程的动力学仿真,确定初始裂纹位置;然后,创建考虑真实接触情况的齿根疲劳裂纹扩展模型并进行扩展路径仿真;最后,基于裂纹仿真路径,研究了不同裂纹程度对啮合刚度的影响。【结果】结果表明,齿根裂纹的断裂形式主要以张开型裂纹为主,裂纹初期主要向轮缘的方向扩展,后期裂纹朝着齿根的方向均匀扩展;单齿啮合过程中,裂纹对综合变形量和啮合刚度的影响最大;同时,当裂纹深度较小时,扩展路径对齿轮综合啮合刚度的影响较小,随着裂纹深度的增大,这种影响逐渐明显。[Objective] Based on the theory of linear elastic fracture mechanics and dynamic simulations,a model was proposed to simulate the propagation of root fatigue cracks and calculate the mesh stiffness of gears with root cracks.This model was used to study the crack propagation characteristics in the roots of spur cylindrical gears and their impact on mesh stiffness.[Methods] Firstly,the initial crack location was determined through the dynamic simulation of gear dynamic meshing process.Then a tooth root fatigue crack propagation model considering real contact conditions was created,and the propagation path was simulated.Finally,the influence of different crack degree on the mesh stiffness was studied based on the crack simulation path.[Results] The results show that the fracture pattern of root crack is mainly open pattern,the initial crack mainly spreads towards the edge of the wheel,and the later crack evenly spreads towards the root of the tooth.The influence of cracks on the comprehensive deformation and mesh stiffness is greatest in the meshing process of the single tooth.At the same time,when the crack depth is small,the expansion path has little effect on the comprehensive mesh stiffness of the gear,and this effect is gradually obvious with the increase of the crack depth.

关 键 词：齿轮 动态啮合 有限元 裂纹扩展 啮合刚度 

分 类 号：TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]