人工智能如何影响企业创新质量  

How Does Artificial Intelligence Influence the Quality of Corporate Innovation?

作　　者：孙慧[1,2] 罗添 夏学超 HUI SUN;TIAN LUO;XUECHAO XIA(Center for Innovation Management Research of Xinjiang,Xinjiang University;School of Economics and Management,Xinjiang University)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学经济与管理学院 [2]新疆大学新疆创新管理研究中心

出　　处：《产业经济评论》2025年第2期5-26,共22页Review of Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“新疆资源型产业污染集聚、损益偏离与包容性绿色增长”(批准号:71963030);科技部重大科技项目暨第三次新疆综合科学考察项目“《吐哈盆地清洁能源考察和能源矿产开发的生态环境评估》课题5《吐哈盆地国家能源基地建设调查与碳减排潜力评估》”(批准号:SQ2021xjkk01800-5);自治区社会科学基金项目“碳中和背景下新疆新能源发展路径研究”(批准号:21BJY050)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：提升创新质量是新时代推动新质生产力发展的重要举措。本文以2010年至2022年中国上市公司为研究对象,从企业层面考察了人工智能对于企业创新质量的影响。运用结合机器学习的文本分析方法构建人工智能指标以及利用IPC分类号信息衡量企业创新质量进行实证分析。研究发现,人工智能显著提升了企业创新质量,并且经过内生性处理以及一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立。在影响机制方面,人工智能通过促进企业减少低技能劳动力需求、增加高技能劳动力需求以及提升企业知识吸收能力的方式促进企业提升创新质量。异质性分析表明,人工智能对于国有企业、处于知识产权保护完备地区的企业、进行数实融合的企业以及资本密集型企业的创新质量具有显著的提升效果。本文以微观视角探究了人工智能对于创新的“提质”效应,深化了企业层面对于人工智能的认知和理解,并为企业提高创新质量提供了建议。Improving the quality of innovation is an important initiative for the development of new quality productivity in the new era.This paper examines the impact of artificial intelligence on enterprise innovation quality at the enterprise level,using Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2022 as the research object.An empirical analysis is conducted using text analysis methods combined with machine learning to construct AI indicators as well as using IPC classification number information to measure corporate innovation quality.It is found that AI significantly improves the quality of corporate innovation and still holds after endogeneity treatment and a series of robustness tests.In terms of the impact mechanism,AI promotes firms to improve their innovation quality by facilitating firms to reduce the demand for low-skilled labor,increase the demand for high-skilled labor,and enhance the knowledge absorption capacity of firms.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the nature of enterprise property rights,intellectual property protection,digital-real integration,and factor intensity have a greater impact on the innovation“quality enhancement”effect of AI.This paper explores the“quality-enhancing”effect of AI on innovation from a micro perspective,deepens the knowledge and understanding of AI at the enterprise level,and provides suggestions for enterprises to improve the quality of innovation.

关 键 词：人工智能 创新质量 技术复杂度 高质量发展 机器学习 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]