基于DSP平台的旋翼无人机微动特征提取方法  

Method for Extracting Micro Motion Features of Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Based on DSP Platform

作　　者：叶祥龙 张柯 宋程程 尹湘凡 梁琴 YE Xianglong;ZHANG Ke;SONG Chengcheng;YIN Xiangfan;LIANG Qin(Sichuan Jiuzhou Electric Group Co.Ltd,Chengdu 610002,China)

机构地区：[1]四川九州电器集团有限责任公司,成都610002

出　　处：《火力与指挥控制》2025年第3期92-101,共10页Fire Control & Command Control

摘　　要：针对旋翼无人机微动特征提取的问题,对调频连续波体制下的微动目标回波特性理论建模,根据实际场景设置调频连续波体制雷达的仿真参数,通过模拟调频连续波体制雷达发射线性调频信号,以及接收旋翼无人机回波的过程对其回波微动特性仿真分析,并基于上述仿真分析的基础上,提出一种旋翼无人机微动特征提取算法框架,在基于DSP平台的该算法框架下,提出一种基于中值滤波的谱峰估计算法,该算法通过快速估算旋翼无人机最大微多普勒频率的方法估算其旋翼转速,同时提出一种无人机旋转轴数量估计方法,由于无人机旋转轴转速之间存在细微差异,并且频谱上的二次谐波放大了该差异,因此,可以通过求取频谱上二次谐波数量的方法来估计旋转轴的数量。整个算法框架在DSP平台运行时间维持在20 ms左右。As for the problem of extraction of the micro-motion features of rotor UAVs,firstly,the theoretical model of the echo characteristics of the micro-motion target in the Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave(FMCW)system is established,then,according to the actual scenario,the simulation parameters for the frequency modulated continuous wave radar are set.By simulating the process of transmitting LFM signal and receiving the echo of rotor UAV of frequency modulated continuous wave(FMCW)system radar,the characteristics of the echo are simulated and analyzed.On the basis of the above simulation analysis,a framework of micro-motion feature extraction algorithm for rotor UAV is proposed.Finally,based on the algorithm framework of DSP platform,a spectral peak estimation algorithm based on median filtering is proposed,which can quickly estimate the maximum micro Doppler frequency to obtain the maximum rotor speed of the UAV.At the same time,a method for estimating the number of rotation axes of UAV is proposed,Since there is a slight difference between the rotation speed of the rotation axis of UAV,and the second harmonics on the spectrum amplify the difference,the number of rotation axes can be estimated by finding the number of second harmonics on the spectrum.The running time of the whole algorithm framework on the DSP platform is maintained at about 20 ms.

关 键 词：回波特性理论建模 回波微动特性仿真 微动特征提取算法框架 中值滤波 谱峰估计 旋转轴数量估计 

分 类 号：TP319.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]