基于昆虫翅微纳结构的仿生高分子膜抑菌性研究  

A study on the bacteriostasis of biomimetic polymer film mimicking the micro/nano structure of insect wing

作　　者：孙刚 李汉生 石庆会 郑慧文 官乐辉 陈志强 房岩 SUN Gang;LI Hansheng;SHI Qinghui;ZHENG Huiwen;GUAN Lehui;CHEN Zhiqiang;FANG Yan(School of Resources and Chemical Engineering,Sanming University,Sanming 365004,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Bamboo Resources Development and Utilization,Sanming University,Sanming 365004,China;Fujian Provincial Medical Plant Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center,Sanming University,Sanming 365004,China)

机构地区：[1]三明学院资源与化工学院,福建三明365004 [2]三明学院竹资源开发利用福建省高等学校重点实验室,福建三明365004 [3]三明学院药用植物开发利用福建省高校工程研究中心,福建三明365004

出　　处：《东北师大学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期118-125,共8页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31671010);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2024J01898,2020J01377,2020J01373,2021J011113,2021J011121);竹资源开发利用福建省高等学校重点实验室开放基金资助项目(B17000201);三明市产学研协同创新科技项目(2022-G-3,2022-G-11);三明学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202311311076,S202211311062)。

摘　　要：以昆虫(豆娘、意蜂)翅为模板,以聚乙烯醇(PVA)和聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为基材,通过软刻蚀法制备了仿生高分子膜,利用扫描电镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)表征微纳结构,分析了仿生膜对两种细菌(大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌)的抑菌性,并探讨了抑菌机理.结果表明:仿生膜成功复制了昆虫翅表面的多级微纳结构及其浸润特性.仿生膜组两种细菌的抑菌圈直径为9.50~15.84 mm,与对照膜组抑菌圈直径(6.56~6.98 mm)均差异显著(P<0.05).仿生膜组的菌液及回收液吸光度均低于对照膜组(P<0.05).在两种昆虫翅仿生膜中,豆娘仿生膜表面的纳米乳突更加尖锐、间距更小、密度更高,其抑菌性更强、黏附性更低.仿生膜对革兰阴性菌(大肠杆菌)和革兰氏阳性菌(金黄色葡萄球菌)均呈现物理杀菌作用,但对革兰阴性菌的抑制效果更为显著.昆虫翅仿生膜对细菌的高抑菌性和低黏附性主要由微纳结构及化学组成所决定.通过细菌形态、培养液电导率和胞外碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性变化等,进一步证实了仿生膜表面纳米结构的物理杀菌效应.The wings of insect(Ischnura heterosticta,Apis mellifera)were taken as templates,polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)were used as substrates,the biomimetic polymer films were prepared by means of soft etching.The micro/nano morphology of biomimetic film was observed by a scanning electronic microscope(SEM)and an atomic force microscopy(AFM),the antibacterial property of biomimetic film against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was determined,and the bacteriostasis mechanism was discussed.The results show that the hierarchical micro/nano structure and wettability are copied successfully from insect wing surface to biomimetic film.The diameter of bacteriostatic circle of biomimetic film against the two tested species of bacteria is 9.50~15.84 mm,showing significant difference(P<0.05)with that(6.56~6.98 mm)of the control group.The values of optical density of bacterial liquid and recovered solution in biomimetic group are lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with Apis mellifera,Ischnura heterosticta has sharper nano papillary structure,smaller distance,denser distribution,higher bacteriostasis and lower adhesion.The biomimetic films exhibit physical bactericidal effect against both Gram-negative bacteria(Escherichia coli)and Gram-positive bacteria(Staphylococcus aureus),with more remarkable effect against the former.The high antibacterial effect and low adhesion of biomimetic film mimicking insect wing result mainly from the combination of micro/nano structure and chemical composition.The physical bactericidal effect of the nano structure on biomimetic film surface can be further proved by the changes in bacterial form,the electrical conductivity of culture medium,as well as the activity of extracelluar alkaline phosphatase(AKP).The results might provide inspirations for development of innovative green biomimetic materials with antibacterial property.

关 键 词：仿生高分子膜 抑菌性 黏附性 昆虫翅 微纳结构 

分 类 号：Q954.2[生物学—动物学] Q811