增强伦理审查透明度的伦理要义和实践方略  

Ethical significance and practical strategies for enhancing the transparency of ethical review

作　　者：祖丽娜·阿木提 邹琳 马永慧[1] ZULNAR Amut;ZOU Lin;MA Yonghui(School of Medicine,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361002,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学医学院,福建厦门361002

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2025年第4期448-454,共7页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“人脑模型研究的伦理问题及其治理对策研究”(24BZX097);福建省社会科学基金一般项目“福建科技伦理治理能力提升研究”(FJ2022B146)。

摘　　要：提高透明度是现代社会公共事业改革的重要手段,其在医疗健康领域的重要性也不言而喻(特别是在资源分配方面)。在伦理审查制度建设和实践中,提高透明度是解决效率低下、形式主义、审查决定不一致、缺乏投诉机制等问题的重要举措,也是确保研究伦理合规和促进科研发展的关键。为此,国际学术界和各国开始强调伦理审查的透明原则,但其具体实施仍面临挑战。通过分析透明度的概念和内容、论证其在伦理审查工作中的伦理价值和具体维度,论证提高伦理审查透明度不仅能防止违规行为,强化问责机制,还能平衡信息不对称、增强公众信任,并提升审查效率。最后探讨提高伦理审查透明度可能措施,包括制定细致的透明策略、建立网络信息公开体系、构建“先例”系统,并设立监督申诉程序等。这些措施旨在优化伦理审查体系,为科学研究提供坚实伦理支撑,同时增强公众对伦理审查工作的信任与理解,以期在进一步提升伦理审查实践工作的同时保护多方相关主体的利益。Enhancing transparency is an important means of reforming public health services in modern society,and its significance in the field of healthcare is self-evident(especially in terms of resource allocation).In the construction and practice of an ethical review system,improving transparency is an important measure to solve problems such as low efficiency,formalism,inconsistent review decisions,and the lack of a complaint mechanism,and is also the key to ensuring the ethical compliance of research and promote the development of scientific research.Therefore,the international academic community and various countries have begun to emphasize the principle of transparency in ethical review,but its specific implementation still faces challenges.By analyzing the concept and content of transparency and arguing its ethical value and specific dimensions in ethical review work,this paper demonstrated that improving the transparency of ethical review can not only prevent violations and strengthen the accountability mechanism,but also balance information asymmetry,enhance public trust,and improve review efficiency.Finally,potential measures to enhance transparency in ethical review were explored,including formulating detailed transparency strategies,establishing an online information disclosure system,constructing a“precedent”system,setting up a supervisory appeal procedure,and other measures.These measures aim to optimize the ethical review system,providing solid ethical support for scientific research while enhancing public trust and understanding of ethical review work,with a view to further improving the practice of ethical review and promoting the interests of multiple stakeholders.

关 键 词：伦理委员会 伦理审查 透明度 信息公开 先例系统 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]