非人灵长类动物实验现状、伦理挑战及审查要点  

Current situation,ethical challenges,and key points of ethical review for non-human primate experiments

作　　者：何芹 邓有智 周吉银 HE Qin;DENG Youzhi;ZHOU Jiyin(Department of Scientific Research and Teaching,Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital,Chengdu 610213,China;Clinical Research Center,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Clinical Medical Research Center,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University,Chongqing 400037,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市第七人民医院科研教学部,四川成都610213 [2]四川大学华西医院临床研究中心,四川成都610041 [3]陆军军医大学第二附属医院临床医学研究中心,重庆400037

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2025年第4期455-461,共7页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：2022年陆军军医大学人文社会科学基金重点项目“我市涉及人的健康相关研究伦理治理的现状与对策研究”(2022XRW02)。

摘　　要：非人灵长类动物是人类最紧密的亲缘动物,具有与人类相似的形态解剖学、生理学和行为学特征,使其在神经科学、生殖、传染病、药物研发等领域不可或缺。目前欧美国家使用非人灵长类动物开展实验的限制日趋严格,其实验有着不同于一般动物的伦理特殊性,缺乏必要性评估,无统一评估标准和伦理倾销危害等伦理挑战,应加强监管和伦理审查。其伦理审查要点包括实验的必要性,评估伤害-受益比和落实“3R”原则等。Non-human primates are the closest relatives of human beings and possess similar morphological,anatomical,physiological,and behavioral characteristics,making them indispensable in fields such as neuroscience,reproduction,infectious diseases,and drug research and development.Currently,the restrictions on using non-human primates in experiments are becoming increasingly stringent in Europe and the United States.These experiments have ethical particularities that are different from those involving ordinary animals,and they also pose ethical challenges such as lack of necessity assessment,no unified assessment standards,and ethical dumping hazards.Supervision and ethical review should be strengthened.The key points of their ethical review include the necessity of the experiments,the assessment of the harm-benefit ratio,and the implementation of the“3R”principles.

关 键 词：非人灵长类动物 伦理挑战 伦理审查要点 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]