新高考背景下高校专业发展的演变、挑战及其应对  

Evolution,Challenges and Countermeasures of College Major Development under the New College Entrance Examination

作　　者：李金波[1] 苏胜 LI Jinbo;SU Sheng(Zhejiang Education Examinations Authority,Hangzhou 310012;College of Psychology,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004)

机构地区：[1]浙江省教育考试院,杭州310012 [2]浙江师范大学心理学院,金华321004

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2025年第5期38-44,共7页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：中国教育发展战略学会教育考试专业委员会课题“浙江省本科招生专业选考科目指引、学生科目选考、专业录取互动跟踪及实施优化研究”(jyks2024015)的部分成果。

摘　　要：新高考对高校专业招生进行改革,实现专业招生模式多样化,专业招生标准由唯分数逐步转向强化综合评价,专业选报由“学校+专业”转变为“专业+学校”。新高考对高校专业发展产生了系列效应,使高校招生的专业布局发生调整,专业生源结构出现变迁,专业间录取分差拉大,专业认同度与忠诚度更高;与此同时,专业发展也面临专业结构布局有待进一步优化、动态调整机制有待健全、专业与学生科目选考的匹配度堪忧等系列挑战,这就需要采取进一步优化专业结构布局、健全动态调整机制、深化高校人才培养模式改革、深化高校专业招生机制改革等系列举措。The new college entrance examination reform has brought about a series of effects on the enrollment of college majors,realizing the diversification of the enrollment of college majors,gradually strengthening the comprehensive evaluation of the enrollment standards of college majors from the only score,and transforming the selection of college majors from"school major to"major school".The new college entrance examination has brought about a series of effects on the development of college majors,which has led to the adjustment of the layout of college majors,the change of the source structure of college majors,the widening of the score gap between college majors,and the higher recognition and loyalty of college.At the same time,the development of college majors is also facing a series of challenges,such as the need to further optimize the layout of professional structure,the to improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism,and the low match between college majors and students'subject selection.It is necessary to further optimize the layout of professional structure,improve dynamic adjustment mechanism,innovate the educational approaches and talent cultivation systems in higher education institutions,and enhance admission processes to better align with institutional goals.Advance the transformation of university major-specific recruitment strategies.

关 键 词：高考综合改革 高校招生 专业发展 专业调整 招生模式 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]